NUR 242 Final exam with complete solutions 2024_2025.
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Course
Nur242
Institution
Nur242
therapeutic communication
techniques used to improve communication, such as active listening
List the 3 cornerstones of a therapeutic relationship:
- caring
- compassionate
- empathic
List 8 therapeutic communication techniques:
- accepting
- asking open-ended questions
- engag...
NUR 242 Final exam with complete
solutions 2024/2025
therapeutic communication - ANSWER- techniques used to improve
communication, such as active listening
List the 3 cornerstones of a therapeutic relationship: - ANSWER- - caring
- compassionate
- empathic
List 8 therapeutic communication techniques: - ANSWER- - accepting
- asking open-ended questions
- engaging in active listening
- giving recognition
- reflecting
- restating
- summarizing
- utilizing silence
List 5 ways to communicate effectively with a patient who has a hearing
impairment: - ANSWER- - communicate face-to-face
- eliminate background noise/distractions
- move to a quieter location
- use an assistive device (hearing aids)
- use writing or images
chain of infection - ANSWER- how bacteria, viruses, fungi, parasites, and prions
move from place to place
can be contact, droplet, or airborne
,inflammatory response - ANSWER- natural defense of the body when injured,
when foreign substances are present or when infectious agents attack
List the 4 basic steps of inflammation: - ANSWER- 1. recognition of harmful
stimuli by pattern receptors (located on the surface of cells)
2. activation of the inflammatory pathway
3. release of inflammatory markers
4. recruitment of inflammatory cells
List 5 manifestations of inflammation: - ANSWER- - heat
- loss of function
- pain
- redness
- swelling
List the 5 stages of infection: - ANSWER- 1. incubation stage
2. prodromal stage
3. acute illness
4. period of decline
5. period of convalescence
incubation stage of infection - ANSWER- first stage
patient may not feel ill or have visible manifestations, but changes in pathology
occur that might be detectable through laboratory or diagnostic tests
lasts from time of exposure to the infectious agent until the first symptom
appears
prodromal stage of infection - ANSWER- second stage
patient begins having initial manifestations as the infectious agent replicates
symptoms are nonspecific (e.g., fever, aches, poor appetite, malaise)
acute illness stage of infection - ANSWER- third stage
manifestations of a specific infectious disease process become obvious
this is the stage where the infection is considered severe
, period of decline stage of infection - ANSWER- fourth stage
manifestations begin to subside as the number of infectious agents in the body
decreases
patient begins to feel better and regain strength and function
period of convalescence stage of infection - ANSWER- fifth stage
patient returns to the previous or a new, balanced state of health
local infection - ANSWER- confined to one area of the body
systemic infection - ANSWER- starts as local infection and then transmit into the
bloodstream to infect the entire body system
What is the role of mast cells in the inflammatory process? - ANSWER- secrete
factors that mediate vasodilation and vascular constriction
The presence of increased WBCs indicates _____. - ANSWER- inflammation or
infection
What is the role of neutrophils in the inflammatory process? - ANSWER- first
responders to injury
eat bacteria (phagocytosis)
What is the role of lymphocytes in the inflammatory process? - ANSWER- fight
chronic bacterial infections
fight acute viruses
What is the role of monocytes in the inflammatory process? - ANSWER-
phagocytes that clean up tissue damage from injury or infection
produce interferon
enhance the immune response
What is the role of eosinophils in the inflammatory process? - ANSWER- active in
allergic reactions and parasitic infections
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