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A&P II Final Exam Review
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A&P II Final Exam Review A&P II Final Exam Review A&P II Final Exam Review
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A&P II Final Exam ReviewWhat do athletes use to improve their running and how does it work? - ANS Erythropoietin;
increases amount of RBC which increases oxygen levels
What valves open and close during atrial systole, ventricular diastole? - ANS Tricuspid and mitral
valves are open, semilunar valves are closed
What type of antibodies would a Type O blood contain? Who can they give to and receive from? -
ANS Type O has both anti-A and anti-B antibodies
-can give blood to Type A, B, AB, O
-can receive blood from Type O
What happens to the hematocrit of a dehydrated person? - ANS It increases since there would be
less plasma (higher concentration of RBCs)
Calculate the Cardiac Output of a person - ANS Cardiac Output (mL/min) = Stroke Volume (mL) x
Heart Rate (bpm)
If the lymphatic tissue of a person is removed from axillary region, what happens? - ANS Their arm
on the affected side will swell up (edematous)
If both the mitral and tricuspid valves are damaged by strep, would it look similar or different to
chordae tendinae damage? - ANS Similar because both decrease the blood flow back into the atria
What happens in conditions where there is protein starvation and a decrease in osmotic pressure? -
ANS Fluid volume will build up in tissues (interstitial fluid)
When CO2 travels from the toe to the nose, will it pass through the pulmonary vein? - ANS No, it will
not pass through the pulmonary vein
Label the movement of blood through the heart - ANS Look in notes
What does damage in the SA node cause? - ANS It'll disrupt the rate and timing of cardiac muscle
contractions
, If the AV node is removed without disrupting signal transmission to purkinje fibers, what would
happen? - ANS The atria and ventricles would contract at the same time
Explain conduction through the heart. Then, what would happen if the vagus nerve no longer
innervated the SA node? - ANS SA node --> Atrial syncytium --> Junctional fibers --> AV node -->AV
bundle --> Bundle fibers --> Purkinje fibers --> Ventricular Syncytium. If the vagus nerve no longer
innervated the SA node, then the HR would not be able to be decreased
If there's an increase in venous pressure, what does this do to hydrostatic and osmotic pressure? -
ANS It causes an increase in hydrostatic pressure, causing a lot of fluid to enter capillary space.
Osmotic pressure decreases, resulting in edema
William Ta had been standing for several hours and suddenly fainted at the wedding. What
happened? - ANS No blood was coming up from his legs due to him locking them; caused a lack of
blood flow to his brain
What type of blood does the pulmonary artery carry? - ANS Deoxygenated blood
Should you rest or exercise after eating a big meal? - ANS You should rest to let blood flow to the
intestine to digest the food
Why can you replace the ventricles but not the atria in artificial heart transplant? - ANS Most of the
blood (70%) that travels through the atria to the ventricles is done by gravity. The ventricles do all of
the work to pump to the body; the ventricles need to be fully functional
Moving from a low altitude to a high altitude caused an increase in RBCs. Why? - ANS There are
lower oxygen concentrations in high altitudes
How does leukemia work? Explain symptoms with hematopoiesis - ANS Leukemia affects the WBC
concentrations, causing them to increase. This causes a decrease in RBCs which decreases oxygen
transport; causes exhaustion. This also causes a decrease in platelets which can cause bruising.
What happens at the QRS complex regarding the ventricles and the atria? - ANS Depolarization of
the ventricles, repolarization of the atria
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