NURS 502 PATHO FINAL EXAMQUESTIONS WITH 100- CORRECT ANSWERS.
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Course
NURS 6002
Institution
NURS 6002
what is blood composed of (3 components)?
1. plasma (protein and inorganic materials)
2. buffy coat (platelets, leukocytes)
3. formed elements (RBC/Erythrocytes)
total blood volume in adults?
5-6 liters
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NURS 502 PATHO FINAL
EXAMQUESTIONS WITH 100%
CORRECT ANSWERS
what is blood composed of (3 components)?
1. plasma (protein and inorganic materials)
2. buffy coat (platelets, leukocytes)
3. formed elements (RBC/Erythrocytes)
total blood volume in adults?
5-6 liters
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Next
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Move forward 10 seconds
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proteins in your blood like albumin, globulin, fibrinogen, and
prothrombin are mainly formed in the?
,liver
what is the most abundant (most common) protein in your plasma?
albumin
(roughly around 60% of total plasma protein)
hematopoiesis is defined as?
blood cell production
true or false: hematopoiesis is constantly occuring?
TRUE
when you are a fetus hematopoiesis occurs in the?
liver and spleen
after birth, hematopoiesis occurs in?
the bone marrow (medullary hematopoiesis)
*need to know that term*
what is extramedullary hematopoiesis?
blood cell production is in other tissues (other than the bone
marrow)
-other tissues include: mainly liver and spleen
-this is a sign of disease: pernicious anemia, sickle cell anemia,
thalassemia, etc-where you have extramedullary hematopoiesis
in bone marrow you have?
red and yellow bone marrow
red: produces RBC
yellow: does not produce RBC. (in crisis, yellow bone marrow can
convert to red bone marrow)
erythropoiesis is?
formation of RBCs
-occurs in bone marrow
-stimulated by erythropoietin (released by kidneys) in response to
low O2 tension in blood
a mature RBC does not have a?
,nucleus
an immature red blood cell is known as?
reticulocyte
-increase reticulocytes if you have a need to make more RBCs
what is the lifespan of a RBC?
120 days
destroyed mainly in spleen, but liver too.
what are some important nutrients that are required to produce
RBCs?
1. iron
2. vitamin B12
3. folate
vitamin B12 is a ________-__________ vitamin
water-soluble
-plays a key role in the normal functioning of the brain and nervous
system, and formation of blood
-stored in liver
intrinsic factor released from __________ cells in ____________ required
for vitamin B12 absorption from _______________
parietal cells; stomach; small intestine
lack of intrinsic factor impairs vitamin B12 absorption and will put a
patient at risk for?
pernicious anemia
folate-folic acid-water-soluble B9 vitamin required for DNA/RNA
synthesis and repair/produce RBCs
-folate deficiency is more common than vitamin B12 deficiency
why are pregnant women prescribed folate supplements?
to protect against neural tube defects
folate is stored?
in liver
if there is hypoxia, the peritubular cells of the kidneys will produce?
, erythropoietin which will go to the bone marrow and stimulate
production of RBCs
a student is explaining the process of hematopoiesis. Which
statement made by the student is accurate?
a. involves one stage, proliferation
b. occurs in the bone marrow after birth
c. occurs in the liver and spleen after birth
d. decreases in response to hemolytic anemia
b. occurs in the bone marrow after birth
hemoglobin is
the oxygen-caring protein in the mature red blood cell
-main component of RBC
-it consists of 2 pairs of polypeptide chains (globins)-2 alpha chains
and 2 beta chains
with 4 colorful complexes of heme molecule containing iron
in the destruction of erythrocytes (RBCs) porphyrin (from
hemoglobin molecule) is reduced to?
bilirubin which is transported to the liver and secreted in the bile
*remember bilirubin is insoluble to water so it has to be conjugated
by the liver to water soluble form to be excreted in the intestines*
hyperbilirubinemia can happen with increased hemolysis that can
lead to?
jaundice
iron cycle: iron is recirculated in the body. when it is broken down it
can go into the bloodstream by?
bounding to apotransferrin called transferrin which is transported
to the bone marrow to make more RBC
iron can be stored or returned back to bloodstream called?
ferritin
leukocytes are produced by ________________________ ____________ cells in
the bone marrow
hematopoietic stem
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