Nurs 251: Breasts and Genitalia
Assessment
Health History - ANS What history is this for Breast Exam:
- Dietary Intake
- alcohol and caffeine intake
- Performance of Self-Breast Exam (SBE)
- Mammograms
- Pregnancies, births, breast-feeding
- Onset of menstruation, menopause
- Medications: Birth control pills (BCP) & type, Hormone replacement and Other prescribed or
OTC meds
- Family history of breast cancer
- Any current problems: pain, discomfort, lumps, discharge.
When and How - ANS What two things do you note when performing a Self-Breast Exam (SBE)
after the menstrual cycle - ANS when should a woman perform their Self-Breast Exam? (SBE)
Frequency and date of last test - ANS What two things to note about last mammogram
on the tail of spence. - ANS where does most of the breast cancer are found?
Risk Factors for Breast Cancer - ANS These are risk factors for what
- Age
- Gender: Female
- Personal history of Breast CA
- Family history of Breast CA
- Previous biopsies for benign breast disease
- Specific Genetic Markers (BRCA1, 2)
- Increased breast tissue density on mammogram
- Early menarche, late menopause
- Nulliparity
- Late birth of first child (after age 30)
- Hormone replacement therapy after menopause
- High socioeconomic status
- Alcohol consumption
BRCA1, 2 - ANS What is the specific genetic marker that is a risk factor for breast cancer?
Before Age 12 - ANS A risk factor for breast cancer is early menarche, around what age is that
, the first menstrual period of an individual - ANS menarche
After age 50 - ANS A risk factor for breast cancer is late menopause, around what age is that
the end of permanent menstrual period (fertility) - ANS menopause
Nullipaity - ANS A female who has never given birth is called a
After age 30 - ANS A risk factor for breast cancer is late birth of first child. Around what age is
that?
If you do it after menopause - ANS when does hormone replacement therapy become a risk
factor for breast cancer?
Risk factors for benign(harmless) breast cancer - ANS These are risk factors for what?
- Early menarche
- Late menopause
- Nulliparity (or low parity)
- Late age at birth of first child
- High socioeconomic status
- Alcohol consumption
Client in sitting position, disrobed(undressed) to waist, arms at sides - ANS How should a
female client be positioned during inspection of breasts ?
Nipple axis & alignment - ANS When noting size of breast and symmetry during inspection,
what else should you note?
Inspection - ANS During this assessment you:
- Note color, thickening of skin or unusually prominent pores
- note size of breast and symmetry: nipple axis and alignment
Observing contour - ANS You are doing what during inspection when you note these things:
- Note masses, dimpling, or flattening
- Compare one side to other
Inspect nipples - ANS What are you inspecting here:
- Size and shape
- Direction: Pointing opposite and downward
- rashes or ulcerations
- discharge
Pointing opposite and downward - ANS Which direction should the nipples be pointing?
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