Exam (elaborations)
NREMT Advanced-EMT Exam with complete solutions 2024_2025
- Course
- Institution
NREMT Advanced-EMT Exam with complete solutions 2024_2025
[Show more]
Content preview
NREMT Advanced-EMT Exam withcomplete solutions 2024/2025
Initial Assessment: B-SMNAC - ANSWER- - BSI (body substance isolation);
- Scene Safety;
- Mechanism of Injury (MOI)/Nature of Illness (NOI);
- Number of Patients;
- Assistance (additional units, Fire, Police, etc.);
- C-spine (and/or C-collar)
Initial Assessment: G-CAAT - ANSWER- - General Impression;
- Chief Complaints, Life Threats (hemorrhage);
- AVPU;
- ABC's (airway, breathing, circulation);
- Transport Decision (Load and Go or Stay and Play)
Components of General Impression - ANSWER- ASSS-FLOP-VD:
- Apparent state of health;
- Skin color, obvious lesions;
- Signs of distress;
- Sexual development;
- Facial expressions;
- Level of consciousness;
- Odors;
- Posture, Motor, Gait;
- Vital statistics;
- Dress, Grooming, Hygiene
Components of AVPU - ANSWER- - Alert;
- responds to Verbal stimuli;
- responds to Painful stimuli;
- Unresponsive
,Secondary Assessment: OPQRST-I - ANSWER- especially for Respiratory and
Cardiac patients:
- Onset;
- Provocation/Palliation;
- Quality;
- Radiation;
- Scale/Severity;
- Time;
- Interventions
What is OPQRST? - ANSWER- a mnemonic for remembering the questions to ask
when assessing the patient's chief complaint or major symptoms
Onset - ANSWER- - When and how did the symptom begin?
- Ask the patient if the onset was sudden or gradual.
- Also determine if the onset was associated with a particular activity.
Provocation/palliation: - ANSWER- - What makes the symptom worse?
- What makes the symptom better?
Quality - ANSWER- How would you describe the pain?
Radiation - ANSWER- - Where do you feel the pain?;
- Where does the pain go?
Scale/Severity - ANSWER- - On a scale from 0 to 10, with 10 being the worst.
- How bad is the symptom?
Time - ANSWER- - Determine if the symptom has been present for minutes,
hours, days, weeks, months, or years;
- The length of time the symptoms are present is important to document
Secondary Assessment: SAMPLE - ANSWER- - Signs and Symptoms (history of
present issues);
- Allergies;
- Medications;
- Past Medical History, Pertinent Negatives;
- Last Oral Intake;
- Events (leading to present: trauma or medical)
,Secondary Assessment: V-FITD - ANSWER- - Vital Signs, baseline (VS);
- Focused Physical Exam (performed);
- Interventions (RX's per medical direction, etc.);
- Transport (re-evaluate decision);
- Detailed Physical Exam (verbalized);
Order of Initial Assessment - ANSWER- - B-SMNAC;
- G-CAAT;
Order of Secondary Assessment - ANSWER- - OPQRST-I;
- SAMPLE;
- V-FITD
S1 - ANSWER- "Lub"
Caused by the closing of the Mitral (Bicuspid) and Tricuspid atrioventricular
valves.
S2 - ANSWER- "Dub"
Caused by blood closing the semilunar valves (aortic and pulmonic).
S3 - ANSWER- "Ta"
Oft referred to as the galloping heart, caused by blood sloshing around in a
compliant left ventricle.
S4 - ANSWER- A rare noise in the middle of "lub," caused by a failing left
ventricle and best heard in the cardiac apex.
Ta-LUB-dub, ta-LUB-dub
Septum - 2 Sub Types - ANSWER- Separates the two halves of the heart.
Interatrial and Interventricular
NSAID - ANSWER- Nonsteroidal Anti-inflammatory Drug
Antipyretic Agent - ANSWER- Inhibits Prostaglandins
Acts on hypothalamus, heat regulation center.
Vasodilation & Sweating
Platelet Inhibitor - ANSWER- Prevents formation of thromboxane A2
Decreased Afterload Effects - ANSWER- Decreased Arteriole Pressure =
Decreased Aortic Pressure = Left Ventricle Works Better
, Decreased Preload Effects - ANSWER- 1. Venous Dilation = Decreased Preload =
Decreased Heart Size
2. Decreased Heart Size = Increased Blood Flow to Coronary and Collateral
Vessels = Myocardial Perfusion is Improved
A parasympatholytic drug blocks the effects of the parasympathetic nervous
system by? - ANSWER- Binding to receptors and blocking the release of
acetylcholine.
Sympathetic Nervous System - Other Name - ANSWER- Adrenergic Nervous
System
Medications typically administered via the subcutaneous route? - ANSWER-
Insulin
Epinephrine
Which of the following is NOT a form of liquid drug? - ANSWER- Capsule
Which of the following physiologic responses would you expect to occur
following administration of a drug that possesses alpha-1 (α1) properties? -
ANSWER- Peripheral Vasoconstriction
The function of a drug or the particular action of a drug on an organism is called:
- ANSWER- Mechanism of Action
Cushing's Reflex (Define) - ANSWER- Attempt by the body to compensate for a
decline in cerebral perfusion by increasing the mean arteriole pressure.
Cushing's Triad - ANSWER- SxS of Increased Intracranial Pressure
Increased Systolic Pressure
Widened Pulse Pressure
Decreased Pulse and Respiratory Rate
PAT: Pediatric Assessment Triangle - ANSWER- General Appearance
Work of Breathing
Circulation to the Skin
TICLS - ANSWER- Tone
Interactiveness
Consolability (Agitable)
The benefits of buying summaries with Stuvia:
Guaranteed quality through customer reviews
Stuvia customers have reviewed more than 700,000 summaries. This how you know that you are buying the best documents.
Quick and easy check-out
You can quickly pay through credit card or Stuvia-credit for the summaries. There is no membership needed.
Focus on what matters
Your fellow students write the study notes themselves, which is why the documents are always reliable and up-to-date. This ensures you quickly get to the core!
Frequently asked questions
What do I get when I buy this document?
You get a PDF, available immediately after your purchase. The purchased document is accessible anytime, anywhere and indefinitely through your profile.
Satisfaction guarantee: how does it work?
Our satisfaction guarantee ensures that you always find a study document that suits you well. You fill out a form, and our customer service team takes care of the rest.
Who am I buying these notes from?
Stuvia is a marketplace, so you are not buying this document from us, but from seller tuition. Stuvia facilitates payment to the seller.
Will I be stuck with a subscription?
No, you only buy these notes for $10.99. You're not tied to anything after your purchase.
Can Stuvia be trusted?
4.6 stars on Google & Trustpilot (+1000 reviews)
67866 documents were sold in the last 30 days
Founded in 2010, the go-to place to buy study notes for 14 years now