Corrected Calcium Formula - answer {(4-serum
albumin)*0.8}+serum calcium
not equal to ionized calcium
approx. 1mg albumin = 0.8mg calcium
What other electrolytes is Magnesium dependent on? - answer
Potassium and Calcium
Hypomagnesemia Causes - answer Malnutrition (absorption)
Malabsorption Symptoms
Metabolic Acidosis with renal failure (shifting)
Loop and thiazide diuretic use (excretion)
Tetany
Muscular Excitability and Tremors
***Alcoholism (severe)*** (excretion)
, Hypomagnesemia Signs and Symptoms - answer Increased
neuromuscular ability (excitability)
Difficulty swallowing (food doesn't know if it should go up or down)
Paralytic Ileus - GI issues - smooth muscle contraction and
relaxation - leads to small bowel obstruction
ECG changes - tachycardia, arrhythmia, increased BP
Hypomagnesemia Management - answer Dietary Supplementation
Drug Therapy - Magnesium Sulfate IV 2g in solution
If IV or oral can't be given - give IM in hip 1g at a time
Check Magnesium, Calcium, and Potassium levels
Foods containing magnesium - answer Spinach
halibut
chocolate
Malox
Tums
Milk of Magnesia
Epsom Salt
Chvostek's sign - answer tap on cheek - involuntary twitching of
facial muscles
Indicates low calcium and magnesium
Troussear's sign - answer Put BP cuff on and inflate - hand spasms
and arm draws in
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