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MCPHS Microbiology Exam Study Guide with Complete Solutions

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MCPHS Microbiology Exam Study Guide with Complete Solutions Pathogenicity - Answer️️ -The ability to cause disease Virulence - Answer️️ -the extent of pathogenicity Portals of entry - Answer️️ -mucous membranes, skin, parenteral route ID50 (infectious dose) - Answer️️ -The numb...

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  • September 15, 2024
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  • 2024/2025
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MCPHS Microbiology Exam Study Guide
with Complete Solutions


Pathogenicity - Answer✔️✔️-The ability to cause disease


Virulence - Answer✔️✔️-the extent of pathogenicity

Portals of entry - Answer✔️✔️-mucous membranes, skin, parenteral route

ID50 (infectious dose) - Answer✔️✔️-The number of microbes that must enter the body to

establish infection in 50% of test animals is expressed as the ID50

LD50 - Answer✔️✔️-lethal dose (of a toxin) for 50% of the test population

Adherence - Answer✔️✔️-Adhesions / ligands bind to receptors on host cells, form

biofims

Glycocalyx: streptococcus mutans

Fimbriae: E.coli

M proteins: Strepoccus pyogenes

Pili, flagella, glycoproteins, lipoproteins

Capsules - resist phagocytosis - Answer✔️✔️-Strep. Pneumoniae, Hib, bacillus anthracis

cell wall components - Answer✔️✔️-M proteins: mediates attachment and resists

phagocytosis (strep. pyogenes)

Opa protein: assist attachment and recept mediated endocytosis, inhibs helper t cells

(n. gonorrhoeae)

Mycolic acid: Waxy, resists digestion (mycobacterium TB)

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, ©SOPHIABENNETT EXAM SOLUTIONS_2024/2025 Monday, September 2, 2024 12:59 PM


Enzymes - Answer✔️✔️-Coagulase: coagulates fibrinogen

Kinases: digest fibrin clots

hyaluronidase: hydrolyzes hyaluronic acid

Collagenase: hydrolyzes collagen

IgA proteases: destroys IgA antibodies

antigenic variation - Answer✔️✔️-Alteration of surface antigens to avoid detection by host

antibodies

Examples: flu, gonorrhea, trypanosoma brucei gambiense

Invasins: Penetration into the host cell cytoskeleton - Answer✔️✔️-Salmonella alters host

actin to enter a host cell

Listeria uses actin to move from one cell to the next

Direct damage caused by - Answer✔️✔️-disrupting the host cells function

produces waste products

toxins

induce hypersensitive reactions

damage immediate vicinity

use hosts nutrients (iron) -siderophores

Siderophores - Answer✔️✔️-proteins that free host stores of iron

Toxin - Answer✔️✔️-substance that contributes to pathogenicity

Toxoid - Answer✔️✔️-inactivated toxin used in a vaccine

Antitoxin - Answer✔️✔️-antibodies against a specific toxin




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