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Summary AP Chemistry Final Exam review 2024
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AP Chemistry Final Exam review 2024
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AP Chemistry Final Exam review 2024AP Chemistry Final Exam Review - Good luck!
Legend 👅 - Periodicity and the QM atom - 3
Chemical Nomenclature - 28
Organic Nomenclature - 38
Formula Stoichiometry - 46
Chemical Reactions - 56
Equation Stoichiometry - 72
Solutions - 80
Gases - 93
Thermochemistry - 110
,AP Chemistry Final Exam review 2024
Motivation - 127
Periodicity and the QM atom - Unit 1
Development of the Periodic Table - - Began by grouping elements based on
chemical properties that repeated at regular intervals
- Mendelev organized by atomic mass and then later corrected things by
considering chemical properties
Organization of the Periodic Table - - Periods (rows) begin with a reactive metal
and end with a noble gas
- Period number represents # of valence shells
- Group # shows number of valence electrons
Atomic Radii - - The greater the period number the larger the radius of the atom
gets because it contains more valence shells
,AP Chemistry Final Exam review 2024
- Decreases when going to the right across a period because the greater number
of protons in the nucleus will pull the valence shells closer to the centre
Ionization Energy - - Energy requiread to remove one electron from a gaseous
atom
- Decreases going down a group
- increases across a period
Electronegativity - - The ability of an atom in a molecule to attract electrons to
itself
- Decreases going down each group
- Increases across each period
What occurs in ionic bonding? - - A metal gives its e- to a non-metal (metal
becomes cation, non-metal becomes anion)
, AP Chemistry Final Exam review 2024
- They then become attracted to each other by opposite charges forming an ionic
compound
What is a covalent bond? - - The sharing of e- between two atoms (they keep
sharing until they each have the octet)
What is a polyatomic ion? - - An ion containing multiple atoms
- It is held together by covalent bonds
- But they still form ionic bonds with other ions
Bohr Model - The Bohr model is used to show the electrons moving in between
energy levels
Quantum Mechanics and the Bohr Model - - When energy in the form of light hits
an atom the energy is absorbed and this causes the electrons to get excited and
jump to higher energy levels, as they fall back down to their normal energy level
they emit energy in the form of wavelengths that we see as colours
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