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Summary AP European History Review questions and answers
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AP European History Review questions and answers
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AP European History Review questions andanswers
*Jacob Burkhardt* - a Swiss writer that wrote Civilization of the Renaissance in
Italy in 1860. He was the first to coin the Renaissance as a period of rebirth.
Hanseatic League - a commercial and defensive league of many merchant guilds
and their market towns that were made up of many German States against trade
that prevented a lot of commerce for a time
The Medici - a banking family of Florence that controlled much power in the city
state; they helped patron much of the arts and made Florence the center of the
Renaissance
Baldassare Castilglione - wrote Book of The Courtier; a standard for the
Renaissance man that aimed to make a man achieve a well-rounded life through
the arts. It also gave some advice on women, asking them to be chaste.
Francisco Sforza - the founder of the Sforza dynasty in Milan, he was able to hold
his country. He was a moderate patron of the arts.
Florence - the center of the Renaissance. It was a cultural breeding ground and
patroned many people of the arts. It was also a flourishing city in trade.
,AP European History Review questions and
answers
Venice - a city that was centered around trade and dominated in power
Papal States - the religious states that helped patron the arts. It was centered
around the Pope's power
Naples - a kingdom that did not have much power; they were not a real patron of
the Renaissance
Isabella d'Este - was one of the leading women in the Renaissance as a political
and cultural figure that was a patron of the arts; regent of Mantua and prolific
writer. She patroned the arts.
Peace of Lodi - treaty between Milan and Venice that ended the war of succession
to Milan in favor of Sforza that balanced the power between Venice, Milan,
Naples, Florence and the Papal States
Sack of Rome, 1527 - Spanish armies of Charles I brought a temorary end to the
Italian wars that allowed for the Spaniards to dominate Italy.
,AP European History Review questions and
answers
Niccolo Maciavelli - wrote The Prince that described that the acquisition and
expansion of political power as the means to restore and mantain order. It was
secular and said the ends justified the means.
Cesare Borgia - son of Pope Alexander VI that used ruthless measures to achieve
his goal of carving a new state in Italy. He abandoned morality for political activity.
Humanism - an intellectual movement based on the study of the classical literary
works of Greee and Rome. They studied the liberal arts and antiquity. They were
largely secular.
Petrarch - the father of humanism. He was the first to say that the Middle Ages
were a period of darkness. It set him searching for Latin books that put an
emphasis on classical Latin such as that of Cicero.
Civic Humanism - Florence's humanist movement that was tied to civic spirit and
pride in that country.
Lorenzo Valla - educated in bothLatin and Greek that made him write The
Elegances of the Latin Language to purify medieval Latin and restore Latin to its
, AP European History Review questions and
answers
proper position over the vernacular. He accepted only the Latin Language of the
last century of the Roman Republic and first of their empire
Neoplatoism - the rebirth in interest in Plato that was advocated by the translator
Ficino
Giovanni Pico della Mirandola - one of the most famous pieces of writing of the
Renaissance called The Oration on the Dignity of Man. He combined the works of
many philosophers that were all part of God's revelation to humanity. He believed
in unlimited human potential.
Laura Cereta - educated in Latin by her father. She defended women to be
scholars. She wrote a series of letters defending this.
Johannes Gutenburg - made the Gutenburg Bible, which was the first truebook of
the West to be produced by the movable type.
Sandro Boticelli - had an interest in Greek and Roman mythology as seen with
Primavera. It has well-defined figures with an otherworldly quality that is not
quite realism.
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