NURS 321 – Med Surg Exam 1 Pt. 1 Questions and Correct Answers
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Course
NSG 321
Institution
NSG 321
Phases of Surgery 1) Preoperative- decision to have surgery to table transfer 2) Intraoperative - transfer to table until transfer to PACU 3) Postoperative- transfer to PACU to first clinic visit/release
Preoperative Care Assessment - Obtains medical and complete health history that includes curre...
NURS 321 – Med Surg Exam 1 Pt. 1
Questions and Correct Answers
Phases of Surgery ✅1) Preoperative- decision to have surgery to table transfer
2) Intraoperative - transfer to table until transfer to PACU
3) Postoperative- transfer to PACU to first clinic visit/release
Preoperative Care Assessment ✅- Obtains medical and complete health history that
includes current home meds
-Ensuring H&P no more than 30 days before surgery
- Previous surgery hx
- Any reactions to anesthesia
- serious/chronic illness or trauma (Allergies, Bleeding, Corticosteroids, Diabetes,
Embolism)
- Preoperative nurse obtains diagnostics and identifies any abnormal lab values
- Obtain Informed consent- patients autonomous choice to have the procedure
- Provide TEACHING: pain control, equipment, cough and deep breathing, ambulation.
MOBILITY→ most important to get patients up and moving ASAP
Medications of concern ✅- Corticosteroids→ delay healing process
- Diuretics→ risk for dehydration, fluid and electrolyte imbalance
Stage 1 of Anasthesia ✅ONSET:
- Drowsy or dizzy
- Hallucinations
- Noises are exaggerated
- Patient may have ringing, roaring, or buzzing in the ears
- Still conscious
Stage 2 of Anasthesia ✅EXCITEMENT:
- Increase in autonomic activity (talking, laughing, crying)
- Irregular breathing
- Possible struggling
Stage 3 of Anasthesia ✅SURGICAL:
- When surgery is performed
, - Unconscious
- No blink or gag reflexes
- Relaxed muscles
- Pulse rate and respirations are normal
- Skin is pink/slightly plushed
Stage 4 of Anasthesia ✅MEDULLARY DEPRESSION:
- Too much anesthesia has been given
- Respirations are shallow
- Pulse is weak
- Pupils widely dilated
- Cyanosis
- Death rapidly follows
General Anesthesia ✅state of narcosis, loss of ability to maintain ventilatory function,
reflex loss
General Anesthesia: Inhaled ✅volatile liquid agents and gasses that produce
anesthesia when vapors are inhaled
- nitrous oxide and oxygen, sevoflurane, desflurane
General Anesthesia: IV ✅administration through an IV line of various anesthetic &
analgesic agents such as barbiturates benzodiazepines, nonbarbiturate hypnotics,
dissociative agents, and opioid agents
- midazolam, propofol, ketamine
Regional Anesthesia ✅anesthetic agent is injected around nerves so that the region
supplied by these
nerves is anesthetized
- Spinal
- Epidural
Local Anesthesia ✅injection of a solution containing the anesthetic agent into the
tissues at the planned incision site
- Can also be Topical Anesthesia
Moderate Sedation ✅form of anesthesia that involves the IV administration of
sedatives or analgesic medications to reduce patient anxiety/ control pain during
diagnostic or therapeutic
procedures (used for short-term surgical procedures)
- Decreases level of consciousness without interference with airway
Spinal Block ✅injection of agent into subarachnoid space
Nerve Block ✅injection of anesthetic in a specific nerve
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