CCJ 4700 Exam 2 Stewart. Questions With Correct Answers
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Course
CCJ 4700
Institution
CCJ 4700
CCJ 4700 Exam 2 Stewart. Questions
With Correct Answers
What are the 3 components of a classical experiment? - answer1)Pre & Post-Testing
2)Experimental & Control groups
3)Random Assignment
____________ Assignment Is a central feature of the classical experiment - answerRandom
Assignment
Ran...
CCJ 4700 Exam 2 Stewart. Questions
With Correct Answers
What are the 3 components of a classical experiment? - answer✔1)Pre & Post-Testing
2)Experimental & Control groups
3)Random Assignment
____________ Assignment Is a central feature of the classical experiment - answer✔Random
Assignment
Random assignment... - answer✔Reduces sources of bias & Creates equivalent groups
Criteria for causality: - answer✔1)Cause must come before effect
2)We have to show cause(x) came before effect(y)
3)We have to rule out rival explanations
Threats to internal validity: - answer✔-History(past events may confound results)
-Testing(Retesting influences peoples behavior)
-Selection Bias(volunteers may choose to participate in certain study)
Why do we use sampling? - answer✔Bc... Its often not possible to collect info from all persons
we wish to study & Its often not necessary
Two things to do when selecting samples: - answer✔Select samples to represent a larger pop.
of people/things & generalize from a sample to an unobserved population the sample is intended
to represent
When is a sample "representative" of the population? - answer✔When the aggregate
characteristics of the sample closely approx. those same characteristics in the population
2 adv. of population samples: - answer✔-Typically more representative than other types of
samples because they avoid biases
-Permits us to estimate the accuracy of the sample
As sample size increase ---> Standard error _______ - answer✔Decreases
If sample size is quadrupled then standard error is: - answer✔Reduced by 1/2
What is the sampling Frame? - answer✔List of the population that one is interested in studying
What are the types of probability samples? - answer✔-SRS
-Systematic
-Stratified
-Cluster
SRS - answer✔Number is assigned to each member in the frame and then a random number
generator selects elements
Systematic - answer✔You randomly select every nth number on a list
(researchers use this when a list is available)
Stratified (Proportionate) - answer✔First divide the population into strata and then choose your
sample
Stratified (Disproportionate) - answer✔You over sample certain groups
When is Cluster sampling used? - answer✔Used when its impractical to create a list of the
target population
What are the types of non-probability sampling? - answer✔-Purposive
-Quota
-Convenience
-Snowball
Purposive - answer✔Chose a sample based on the judgement and the "purpose" of the study
Quota - answer✔Researchers try to make sure that the sample has the desired proportion of age,
sex, etc. (The researchers use judgement rather than probability when selecting samples)
Convenience - answer✔Researchers rely on availability
Snowball - answer✔Get one subject who identifies with other potential subjects and so on
Surveys may be used for: - answer✔Descriptive, explanatory, exploratory, and applied research
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