CHEM 219 EXAM 1 QUESTIONS WITH ALL CORRECT ANSWERS
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Course
CHEM 219
Institution
CHEM 219
CHEM 219 EXAM 1 QUESTIONS WITH ALL CORRECT ANSWERS
Describe how individual resonance structures impact the true structure of a molecule or polyatomic ion. - Answer Each contributing individual resonance structure contributes characteristics to the overall hybrid structure of the compound. The hyb...
CHEM 219 EXAM 1 QUESTIONS WITH
ALL CORRECT ANSWERS
Describe how individual resonance structures impact the true structure of a molecule or
polyatomic ion. - Answer ✔ Each contributing individual resonance structure contributes
characteristics to the overall hybrid structure of the compound. The hybrid "averages"
bond lengths and formal charges by delocalizing them among atoms that share them in
each contributing individual resonance structure.
On a piece of scrap paper, draw the resonance structure "b" that would result from
redistributing the electrons as shown on structure "a" in the diagram below:
For your structure "b", complete the table with the information requested: - Answer ✔ O:
1 lone pair, 1 single bond, 1 double bond, positive charge (+1)
C(I): 0 lone pair, 0 single bond, 2 double bond, positive charge (0)
C(II): 1 lone pair, 3 single bond, 0 double bond, negative charge (-1)
Describe the shapes associated with the atomic orbitals associated with the main
elements of organic chemistry. - Answer ✔ S orbitals are spherical (single lobe), while P
orbitals are dumbbell-shaped (two lobes).
Explain how bonds are formed between atoms from the perspective of atomic orbital
theory. - Answer ✔ Atoms form bonds by overlapping individual atomic orbitals from
each atom to produce molecular (bonding) orbitals.
Explain the two types of atomic orbital overlap that contribute to bond formation in
organic molecules. - Answer ✔ End-on overlap of atomic orbitals leads to the formation
of sigma (single) covalent bonds. Sideways overlap of P orbitals leads to the formation
of pi (multiple) covalent bonds.
Using the VSEPR method, predict the molecular geometry (shape and bond angle)
around the indicated atoms for the following structure: - Answer ✔ a) C(I) = 4 bond pairs
= TETRAHEDRAL, 109.5°
b) C(II) = 3 bond pairs = TRIGONAL PLANAR, 120°
c) N = 3 bond pairs/1 lone pair = TRIGONAL PYRAMIDAL, 107°
d) S = 2 bond pairs/2 lone pairs = ANGULAR/BENT, 105°
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