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HESI A2 Exam - Biology Questions and Answers Already Graded A+.
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HESI A2 Exam - BiologyWhat is the hierarchic organizational system for nomenclature? - ANS kingdom, phylum, class,
order, family, genus, species
What are the steps of the scientific method? - ANS observation, hypothesis, experiment,
conclusion
What is the chemical composition of water? - ANS two hydrogen atoms covalently bonded to
an oxygen atom
What is the most significant aspect of water? - ANS polarity of its bond
What does water's polarity allow for? - ANS hydrogen bonding and versatile solvent
what does hydrogen bonding in water cause? - ANS high specific heat value, strong cohesive
and strong adhesive properties
what is the definition of specific heat? - ANS the amount of heat necessary to raise the
temperature of one gram of that molecule by one degree Celsius
what is good to note about water's specific heat value? - ANS it is relatively high
what does a relatively high specific heat value allow for? - ANS resists shifts in temperature
how does the high specific heat value of water play a role in the biosphere? - ANS oceans and
large bodies of water are able to stabilize climates
what is cohesion? - ANS the ability of a molecule to stay bonded or attracted to another
molecule of the same substance
what is adhesion? - ANS the ability of a molecule to bond or attract other molecules or
substances
what occurs when water freezes? - ANS lattice crystal is formed, molecules spread apart
what are the most important biological molecules? - ANS carbohydrates, lipids, proteins,
nucleic acids
what are carbohydrates? - ANS generally long chains or polymers of sugars
, what are the most important functions of carbohydrates? - ANS storage, structure, energy
what is DNA short for? - ANS dioxyribonucleic acid
what is RNA short for? - ANS ribonucleic acid
what forms the backbone of DNA and RNA? - ANS sugar-phosphate backbone
what is another term for fats? - ANS lipids
what are the types of lipids? - ANS fatty acids, phospholipids, steroids
what are the two types of fatty acids? - ANS saturated and unsaturated
what is significant about saturated fat? - ANS no double bonds in their hydrocarbon tail
what is significant about unsaturated fat? - ANS one or more double bonds in their hydrocarbon
tail
is saturated fat liquid or solid at room temperature? - ANS solid
is unsaturated fat liquid or solid at room temperature? - ANS liquid
what are cardiovascular problems associated with? - ANS diets containing high quantities of
saturated fats
what are phospholipids? - ANS two fatty acids of varying lengths bonded to a phosphate group
what part of a phospholipid is charged and uncharged? - ANS phosphate head - charged
hydrocarbon tail - uncharged
is the phosphate head of a phospholipid water-soluble or not? - ANS it is water-soluble
is the hydrocarbon tail of a phospholipid water-soluble or not? - ANS it is not water-soluble
what are phospholipids important for? - ANS formation of cellular membranes
what is the cellular membrane? - ANS barrier that protects the cell
what are steroids important for? - ANS components of membranes and precursors to significant
hormones and drugs
what are proteins most significant for? - ANS cellular function
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