Social Studies Composite TEXES 132
Exam Questions and Answers
Geography 1 - Answer -This has determined the destiny of civilizations
Water sources 1 - Answer -The first civilizations emerged along these.
Neolithic Revolution 1 - Answer -farming; advantageous geographic factors (water and
good soil); spend less time hunting for food and more time inventing (plow, ships with
sails).
Technology 1 - Answer -anything that makes life easier for humans
Diffusion 1 - Answer -one idea from one group is adopted by another group.
Examples of ideas that were exchanged 1 - Answer -religions; languages; writing
systems and alphabets; weapons and tools; legal codes and customs
polytheistic 1 - Answer -belief in many gods; normally associated with items found in
nature (sun, earth, rain, river, planets)
monotheism 1 - Answer -belief in one god; began with the Hebrews
Mesopotamians 1 - Answer -numerous groups that dominated the areas along the Tigris
and Euphrates Rivers; i.e. Sumerians and Babylonians
Sumerian achievments 1 - Answer -Advanced irrigation systems; A system of writing
called cuneiform; Number system based upon 60; Architectural marvels called
ziggurats; Epic of Giglamesh
Babylonian significance 1 - Answer -Known as great warriors; Hammurabi's Code
(1792-1750 BC)- first known written code of law
Egyptians 1 - Answer -Settles along Nile River about 3100 BC; pyramids, geometry,
engineering, hieroglyphics
, Mesoamerica 1 - Answer -Chavins (Peru); Olmecs (Mexico); Mayans (Central America)
from 250-900 AD
Mayans 1 - Answer -250-900 AD; Had accurate calendar, advanced writing system,
pyramids, vast cities, trading posts, concept of 0. Religion was the center of life.
Sub-Saharan Africa 1 - Answer -no written language; Bantus
Indus River Valley 1 - Answer -Significant cities: Harappa and Mohenjo-Daro; Indoor
Plumbing, Brick buildings, and Advanced irrigation
Aryans 1 - Answer -Invaded Indus River valley in 1500 BC; collection of writings called
Vedas- defined specific classes or castes
Hinduism 1 - Answer -Religion from Indus River Valley; believe that the only way to
move from one caste to another is through reincarnation; polytheistic
Buddhism 1 - Answer -Religion from Indus River Valley; stresses the end of suffering
and desires through meditation.
China 1 - Answer -First Chinese civilizations developed along the Huang He River.
Earliest form of Chinese writing found on oracle bones; Mandate of Heaven; Dynastic
Cycle; Confucianism; Taoism/Daoism; Legalism
Mandate of Heaven 1 - Answer -Concept of government in which the belief that the ruler
had the blessing of Heaven- dynasties emerged.
Dynastic Cycle 1 - Answer -Emperor gains power only to become weak and be
overthrown; cycle begins again.
Confucianism 1 - Answer -Chinese philosophy that stresses proper behavior and
respect.
Taolism/Daolism 1 - Answer -Chinese philosophy that stresses finding peace with
nature.
Legalism 1 - Answer -Chinese philosophy that stresses government control, harsh
punishment, and censorship.
Han Empire 1 - Answer -206 BC-220 AD; wealth amassed through trade along Silk
Roads
Silk Roads1 - Answer -Roads in Asia that connected Asia to the Middle East.
Mediterranean World 1 - Answer -Most influential political and cultural force to the
modern western world.
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