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NUR 160 EXAM 2 HONDROS EXAM 2024/2025 QUESTIONS WITH COMPLETED & VERIFIED SOLUTION.
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NUR 160 EXAM 2 HONDROS EXAM 2024/2025 QUESTIONS WITH COMPLETED & VERIFIED SOLUTION.
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NUR 160 EXAM 2 HONDROSRespiratory Alkalosis - ANS anything that causes HYPERventilation
Respiratory Acidosis - ANS anything that causes HYPOventilation
respiratory alkalosis causes - ANS anxiety, fear, hyperventilating, pain
respiratory acidosis causes - ANS pneumonia, over sedation, COPD, respiratory distress,
immobility
respiratory alkalosis lab values - ANS pH > 7.45 / PCO2 < 35
respiratory acidosis lab values - ANS pH < 7.35 / PCO2 > 45
respiratory alkalosis s/s - ANS seizures, deep and rapid breathing, hyperventilation, confusion
hypokalemia, dizziness, hypocalcemia, lightheadedness
respiratory acidosis s/s - ANS hypoventilation, rapid and shallow respirations, hypertension,
muscle weakness, hypoxia, hyperkalemia, dyspnea, headache
metabolic acidosis causes - ANS DKA, diarrhea, malnutrition, renal failure, aspirin toxicity,
hyperkalemia
metabolic acidosis s/s - ANS kussmaul respirations, changes in LOC, headache, hypotension,
weak, disorientation, hyperkalemia
metabolic alkalosis causes - ANS NG tube suctioning, prolonged vomiting, diuretics,
hypokalemia
metabolic acidosis lab values - ANS pH < 7 .35 / HCO3 < 22
metabolic alkalosis lab values - ANS pH > 7.45 / HCO3 > 26
potassium lab values - ANS 3.5-5.0 mEq/L
hyperkalemia s/s - ANS arrhythmia, bradycardia, heart tight and contracted, hypotension,
diarrhea, muscle weakness, increased DTR, irritability, abdominal cramping, hyperactive bowel
sounds
, hypokalemia s/s - ANS arrhythmia, heart low and slow, decreased DTR, muscle cramping,
flaccid paralysis, confusion tiredness, constipation, hypoactive to absent bowel sounds, paralytic
ileum, polyuria
hyperkalemia causes - ANS renal disease, K+ sparing diuretic use, addison's disease, burns,
acidosis
hypokalemia causes - ANS diuretic use, diarrhea, diaphoresis, anorexia, Mg+ deficiency,
alcoholism, fasting/starvation
sodium lab values - ANS 135-145
hypernatremia s/s - ANS flushed skin, edema, low grade fever, polydipsia, n/v, polyuria,
tachycardia, anorexia, dry mucous membranes, swollen & dry tongue
hypernatremia causes - ANS DI, increased Na+ intake, v/d, diaphoresis, too much NaHCO3
hyponatremia s/s - ANS seizures, coma, headache, disorientation, tiredness, tachycardia, n/v,
dry & pale skin, muscle weakness/cramps
hyponatremia causes - ANS renal disease, diuretics, anorexia, v/d, burns, heart failure, GI
losses, adrenal insufficiency
magnesium lab values - ANS 1.8-3.0
magnesium - ANS required for calcium & vitamin D absorption
hypermagnesemia s/s - ANS heart block, bradycardia, hypotension, coma, death, slurred
speech, weakness, decreased DTR, depressed & shallow respirations, n/v, diarrhea
hypomagnesemia s/s - ANS v fib, tachycardia, increased DTR, diarrhea, n/v, tremors, cramps,
confusion, abnormal eye movements
hypermagnesemia causes - ANS renal disease, antacids, magnesium laxatives
hypomagnesemia causes - ANS malnutrition, alcoholism, low K+, malabsorption
calcium lab values - ANS 9-11
hypercalcemia s/s - ANS kidney stones, decreased DTR, severe muscle weakness, bone pain,
constipation, n/v, nausea, increased thirst, dry mucous membranes, coma, impaired memory
hypercalcemia causes - ANS cancer, osteoporosis, steroid therapy
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