Exam (elaborations)
Uofa Psychology 105 Midterm 1 With Complete Solutions
- Course
- Institution
Uofa Psychology 105 Midterm 1 With Complete Solutions
[Show more]
Content preview
Uofa Psychology 105 Midterm 1 WithComplete Solutions
Empiricism Answer: Basing knowledge on observations
Theory Answer: A summary statement, a general principle, or set of principles about a class of
events. Can be very specific or very broad (or anywhere in between).
Deduction Answer: Start with a theory and leads you to more observations (e.g. collect data)
Induction Answer: Start with data and leads you to a theory
Parsimony Answer: Include as few assumptions as possible.Can keep a theory simpler and more
organized. Prefer the simplest theory, or explanation. Although _________ is ideal, sometimes we need
assumptions, or boundaries.
Observer Ratings Answer: An assessment in which someone else produces information about the
person being assessed
Self-Report Answer: An assessment in which people make ratings pertaining to themselves (e.g.
how one feels).
Correlation Answer: A relationship in which two variables or dimensions co-vary when measured
repeatedly. There is a direction to ________: positive or negative, and also a strength to a ________.
The strength refers to how closely associated the two variables are.
, Third Variable Problem Answer: The possibility that an unmeasured variable caused variations in
both of two correlated variables.
Confounding Variable Answer: Addition variable, or a nuisance variable, that may influence our
dependent variable or varies systematically with our independent or predictor variable.
Person Confound Answer: Something inside the person that we didn't measure (e.g. Narcissism -> #
of status updates)
Environmental Confound Answer: External variables that we did not measure
Establishing Causality: Covariation Answer: Need to observe that changes in one variable
correspond to changes in another variable
Establishing Causality: Temporal Sequence Answer: Changes in the first variable must precede
changes in the second variable
Establishing Causality: Eliminate Confounds Answer: Ruling out other plausible causes of an event
before concluding that one thing is the cause of another
Independent Variable Answer: The variable manipulated in an experiment and tested as the cause
in a cause-effect relationship. Need at least two levels, or conditions (e.g. litter size = 'LARGE' or 'SMALL')
Dependent Variable Answer: The variable measured as the outcome of an experiment; the effect in
a cause-effect relationship.
Random Assignment Answer: The process of putting people randomly into groups of an experiment
so their characteristics, or individual differences balance out across groups.
The benefits of buying summaries with Stuvia:
Guaranteed quality through customer reviews
Stuvia customers have reviewed more than 700,000 summaries. This how you know that you are buying the best documents.
Quick and easy check-out
You can quickly pay through credit card or Stuvia-credit for the summaries. There is no membership needed.
Focus on what matters
Your fellow students write the study notes themselves, which is why the documents are always reliable and up-to-date. This ensures you quickly get to the core!
Frequently asked questions
What do I get when I buy this document?
You get a PDF, available immediately after your purchase. The purchased document is accessible anytime, anywhere and indefinitely through your profile.
Satisfaction guarantee: how does it work?
Our satisfaction guarantee ensures that you always find a study document that suits you well. You fill out a form, and our customer service team takes care of the rest.
Who am I buying these notes from?
Stuvia is a marketplace, so you are not buying this document from us, but from seller Schoolflix. Stuvia facilitates payment to the seller.
Will I be stuck with a subscription?
No, you only buy these notes for $14.99. You're not tied to anything after your purchase.
Can Stuvia be trusted?
4.6 stars on Google & Trustpilot (+1000 reviews)
73918 documents were sold in the last 30 days
Founded in 2010, the go-to place to buy study notes for 14 years now