Exam (elaborations)
NUR 3145 Exam 1 Questions With Complete Solution2
- Course
- NUR 3145
- Institution
- Florida State University
NUR 3145 Exam 1 Questions With Complete Solution2
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NUR 3145 Exam 1 Questions With Complete SolutionsADME: Absorption Correct Answers The process of the drug
moving from the site of administration to the bloodstream;
determines the onset of drug action. The faster the absorption,
the faster the onset.
ADME: Distribution Correct Answers The movement of the
drug through the body. Determined by several factors including
protein-drug binding - only the free drug can be distributed to
the tissues.
ADME: Excretion Correct Answers Primary site is the kidney.
The rate of excretion determines the drug blood level.
ADME: Metabolism Correct Answers A process that changes
the drugs structure so that it may be more easily excreted. The
primary site is the liver. Enzyme CYP450 is used.
Adverse reactions of amphotericin B: Correct Answers
hypokalemia, nephrotoxic, ototoxic
Are aminoglycosides broad range or narrow range? Correct
Answers Narrow range
Are azoles systemic or topical? Correct Answers depends,
could be one or the other, or it could be both
Are macrolides bacteriostatic or bactericidal? Correct Answers
bacteriostatic, but it can be -cidal depending on dose and target
organism
,Are macrolides most effective against gram negative or gram
positive bacteria? Correct Answers Gram positive
Are tetracyclines affective against gram negative or gram
positive? Correct Answers both gram negative and gram
positive
At what rate should KCl be administered? Correct Answers No
faster than 10 mEq in 1 hour.
Contraindications for amphotericin B: Correct Answers
Hypokalemia
Serum creatinine level above 3 mg/dL
Low BP
Do fluoroquinolones act on gram positive or gram negative?
Correct Answers all act on gram negative, new ones act on
gram positive too
Do penicillins work better against gram positive or gram
negative bacteria? Correct Answers gram positive;
Penicillin=Positive
Do you receive more or less coverage from cephalosporins as
you move from the first generation to the fifth generation?
Correct Answers more coverage; 5th is most broad spectrum
Factors that affect pharmokinetics Correct Answers Molecule
size: the smaller the molecule, the easier it passes through the
membrane.
, Ionization: if a molecule is charged (ionized) it will not enter the
cell. Unionized molecules may enter.
Lipid solubility: lipid soluble substances will enter quickly while
water-soluble substances take a longer time.
For which drugs do we first give a loading dose? Correct
Answers digoxin/lanoxin, vancomycin, gentamicin
Give an example of a carbapenem and list its adverse effects.
Correct Answers Imipenim-cilastatin. Seizures and c. diff.
How are complicated UTIs typically treated? Correct Answers
start with broad spectrum anti infective then adjusted based on
C&S results
How are uncomplicated UTIs typically treated? Correct
Answers 3 day regimen of TMP-SMZ or ciprofloxacin
How could repeated UTIs in children and infants lead to
hypertension later in life? Correct Answers scarring of the
kidneys
How do penicillins, cephalosporins, and carbapenems work?
Correct Answers beta-lactam ring lyses growing bacterial cells
that are building cell wells
How do we treat HSV-1 and HSV-2? Correct Answers 5-10
days of oral therapy including acyclovir, famciclovir, and
valacyclovir
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