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Radiation Protection - Radreview
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Radiation Protection - Radreview
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1-88 of 88A controlled area is defined as one
1. that is occupied by people trained in radiation safety
2. that is occupied by people who wear radiation monitors
3. whose occupancy factor is 1
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, 1, 2, and 3
-A controlled area is one that is occupied by radiation workers who are
trained in radiation safety and who wear radiation monitors. The exposure
rate in a controlled area must not exceed 100 mR/week; its occupancy
factor is considered to be 1, indicating that the area may always be
occupied and, therefore, requires maximum shielding. An uncontrolled
area is one occupied by the general population; the exposure rate there
must not exceed 10 mR/week. Shielding requirements vary according to
several factors, one being occupancy factor.
All the following have an effect on patient dose except
A. kilovoltage
B. milliampere-seconds
C. focal spot size
D. inherent filtration
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C. focal spot size
-The effect of focal spot size is principally on radiographic sharpness; it
has no effect on patient dose.
Which of the following has (have) an effect on the amount and type of radiation-
induced tissue damage?
1. Quality of radiation
2. Type of tissue being irradiated
3. Fractionation
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, 1, 2, and 3
-All the factors listed influence the effect of radiation on tissue. Larger
quantities, of course, increase radiation's effect on tissue. The energy (i.e.,
quality and penetration) of the radiation determines whether the effects
will be superficial (erythema) or deep (organ dose). Certain tissues (such as
blood-forming organs, the lens, and the gonads) are more radiosensitive
than others (such as muscle and nerve). The length of time over which the
exposure is spread (fractionation) is important; the longer the period of
time, the less are the tissue effects.
The largest dose to the male gonads is most likely to result from which of the
following exposures?
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Cross-table hip
Which of the following would be the safest interval of time for a fertile woman to
undergo abdominal radiography without significant concern for irradiating a recently
fertilized ovum?
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The first 10 days following the onset of menstruation
The focal spot-to-table distance, in mobile fluoroscopy, must be?
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, a minimum of 30 cm
-Lead and distance are the two most important ways to protect from
radiation exposure. Fluoroscopy can be particularly hazardous because
the SID is so much shorter than in overhead radiography. Therefore, for
patient protection, it has been established that fixed (stationary)
equipment must provide at least 38 cm source to tabletop/skin distance.
Mobile fluoroscopic equipment must provide at least 30 cm source-to-
tabletop/skin distance.
The likelihood of adverse radiation effects to any radiographer whose dose is kept
below the recommended guideline is
A. very probable
B. possible
C. very remote
D. zero
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C. very remote
-The likelihood of radiation effects to occupationally exposed individuals
whose dose is kept below the recommended limits is very remote.
Exposure to ionizing radiation always carries some risk, but studies have
indicated that the risk is a very small one if established guidelines are
followed.
The amount of time that x-rays are being produced and directed toward a particular
wall is referred to as the?
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