IB Biology - Molecular Biology Exam Questions Correctly Answered.
Name the most frequent elements in life - CORRECT ANSWER CHON (Carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, and are main elements found in organic molecules in organisms)
5 other necessary elements for life - CORRECT ANSWER Sulfur: fo...
Name the most frequent elements in life - CORRECT ANSWER CHON (Carbon, hydrogen, oxygen,
nitrogen, and are main elements found in organic molecules in organisms)
5 other necessary elements for life - CORRECT ANSWER Sulfur: found in 2 amino acids
Calcium: chemical messenger that helps regulate cell processes
Phosphorus: ATP and DNA, RNA (phosphate)
Iron: needed in cytochromes for electron transport chains, hemoglobin
sodium: water balance/homeostasis, pumped into cells for water uptake, nerves
Compound - CORRECT ANSWER 2 or more elements combined in a fixed ratio
Ionic bonds - CORRECT ANSWER one atom strips valence electrons from another atom (high
electronegativity difference), electron transfer creates ions (charged atoms)
Covalent bonds - CORRECT ANSWER sharing pair of valence electrons, # of electrons required to
complete an atom's valence shell determines how many bonds will form
Molecule - CORRECT ANSWER elements covalently bonded
Polar covalent bonds - CORRECT ANSWER One atom more electronegative than the other (creates
partial charges)
Hydrogen bond - CORRECT ANSWER Attraction (weak) between a partially positive H atom of one polar
molecule and a partially negative atom (O or N) of another polar molecule
, What 2 things can the many properties of water be attributed to? - CORRECT ANSWER Its polarity and
hydrogen bonds
List the thermal properties of water - CORRECT ANSWER High specific heat, high heat of vaporization,
and high boiling point
High specific heat - CORRECT ANSWER (Amount of heat absorbed)/(amount of heat lost/change
temperature by 1°C)
(1 cal)/(g/°C)
High heat of vaporization - CORRECT ANSWER quantity of heat required to convert 1g from liquid to gas
states (Evaporative cooling/sweat)
High boiling point - CORRECT ANSWER Water has a boiling point of 100°C
Compare the properties of water vs. methane (think thermal properties) - CORRECT ANSWER Water has
almost 2x the specific heat capacity of methane, water heat of vaporization is almost 3x that of
methane, melting and boiling points of methane are lower than water
List the cohesive properties of water - CORRECT ANSWER Cohesion, surface tension
Cohesion - CORRECT ANSWER H bonds holding water molecules together
Surface tension - CORRECT ANSWER Measurement of the difficulty to break or stretch the surface of a
liquid
List the solvent properties of water - CORRECT ANSWER -water is a very good solvent, sometimes called
the "universal solvent"
-substances that are able to dissolve in water are polar or ionic
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