Summary Hematologic Malignancies: Understanding Blood Cancers and Immune Dysregulation
10 views 0 purchase
Course
Biomedical Sciences
Institution
Brunel University (BU)
These documents provide a comprehensive exploration of key topics within medical immunology, focusing on the complex nature of hematologic malignancies.
It addresses cancers that originate in the blood and bone marrow, such as leukemia and lymphoma. It discusses the processes of hematopoiesis, the...
Medical Immunology is a field that deals with the study of the immune system, including its
structure, function, and disorders. It is a complex and constantly evolving field that plays a
critical role in maintaining the health and wellbeing of individuals. In this document, we will
explore various topics related to medical immunology, including Hematologic Malignancy,
Innate and Adaptive Immunity, Anti-microbial Immunity and Immune Deviations (Evasion),
Immunological Tolerance and Autoimmune Diseases, Transplantation and Pregnancy,
Tumour Immunology, Immunodeficiency and Immunosenescence, and Immune technology:
vaccine strategies. Each of these topics will be discussed in detail to provide a
comprehensive understanding of the field.
Hematologic Malignancy I:
Hematologic malignancies refer to cancers that arise from the blood and bone marrow.
These cancers affect the production and function of blood cells and can be broadly classified
into two categories, leukemias and lymphomas. Leukemias are cancers of the blood-forming
cells, while lymphomas are cancers of the lymphatic system. The classification of
hematologic malignancies is based on various factors, including the lineage and stage of
maturation/differentiation of the cells, morphology, immunophenotyping, and
molecular/genetic features.
To understand how the cells are defined by lineage and stage of maturation/differentiation:
Hematopoiesis is the process of blood cell formation, which occurs in the bone marrow.
Blood cells originate from hematopoietic stem cells, which have the ability to differentiate
into all types of blood cells. The differentiation process is tightly regulated and involves a
series of steps that result in the formation of various blood cell types, including
erythrocytes, leukocytes, and platelets. These cells can be defined by their lineage and stage
of maturation/differentiation.
To be able to determine cell “identity” using morphology, immunophenotyping and
molecular/genetic features:
Cell identity can be determined using various techniques, including morphology,
immunophenotyping, and molecular/genetic features. Morphology refers to the visual
appearance of the cells under the microscope. Immunophenotyping involves the use of
antibodies that recognize specific cell surface markers to identify different cell types.
Molecular/genetic features refer to the specific genetic alterations that are present in the
cancer cells.
Classification of main types of Leukemias and Lymphomas:
Leukemias and lymphomas can be broadly classified into acute and chronic forms, based on
the speed of disease progression. Acute leukemias are characterized by the rapid
proliferation of immature blood cells, while chronic leukemias are characterized by the slow
proliferation of mature blood cells. Lymphomas are classified into two main categories,
Hodgkin's lymphoma and non-Hodgkin's lymphoma. Hodgkin's lymphoma is characterized
by the presence of Reed-Sternberg cells, while non-Hodgkin's lymphoma includes various
subtypes that are characterized based on their morphology, immunophenotype, and genetic
features.
The benefits of buying summaries with Stuvia:
Guaranteed quality through customer reviews
Stuvia customers have reviewed more than 700,000 summaries. This how you know that you are buying the best documents.
Quick and easy check-out
You can quickly pay through credit card or Stuvia-credit for the summaries. There is no membership needed.
Focus on what matters
Your fellow students write the study notes themselves, which is why the documents are always reliable and up-to-date. This ensures you quickly get to the core!
Frequently asked questions
What do I get when I buy this document?
You get a PDF, available immediately after your purchase. The purchased document is accessible anytime, anywhere and indefinitely through your profile.
Satisfaction guarantee: how does it work?
Our satisfaction guarantee ensures that you always find a study document that suits you well. You fill out a form, and our customer service team takes care of the rest.
Who am I buying these notes from?
Stuvia is a marketplace, so you are not buying this document from us, but from seller kamude. Stuvia facilitates payment to the seller.
Will I be stuck with a subscription?
No, you only buy these notes for $9.24. You're not tied to anything after your purchase.
