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BISC 261 Microbiology Ch 6 Test with Questions Solved with 100% Correct Answers
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BISC 261 Microbiology Ch 6 Test with Questions Solved with 100% Correct Answers
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BISC 261 Microbiology Ch 6 Test withQuestions Solved with 100% Correct
Answers
Ribozymes - Answer Thomas Cech and Sidney Altman discovered that some
RNA molecules also can catalyze reactions
E.g.
-Catalyze peptide bond formation
-Self-splicing
-Involved in self-replication
Regulation of Metabolism - Answer Important for conservation of energy and materials
Maintenance of metabolic balance despite changes in environment
3 major mechanisms:
-Metabolic channeling
-Regulation of the synthesis of a particular enzyme (transcriptional and translational)
-Direct controlling of the activity of enzymes (posttranslational regulation)
Metabolic Channeling - Answer Different localization of enzymes and metabolites
, Compartmentation
-Differential distribution of enzymes and metabolites among separate cell structures
or organelles
-Can generate marked variations in metabolite concentrations
Posttranslational Regulation of enzyme activity - Answer 2 important reversible control
measures:
-Allosteric regulation
-Covalent modification
Allosteric Regulation (reversible) - Answer Most regulatory enzymes
Activity altered by small molecule known as an allosteric effector
What happens when it binds?
-Positive and negative effectors (more or less able to accept the substrate after altered)
Covalent modification of enzymes (reversible) - Answer Reversible on and off switch
-Addition or removal of a chemical group (phosphoryl, methyl, adenylyl)
Advantages of this method?
-Respond to more stimuli in varied/sophisticated ways
Feedback Inhibition - Answer Also called end product inhibition
End product (substrate) prevents an earlier substrate from being synthesized,
which causes all substrates following the earlier substrate from being created
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