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end of life care ATI Exam/33 Questions and answers/100% Accurate
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end of life care ATI Exam/33Questions and answers/100%
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hospice - - treatment will no longer cure or control the illness
comfort, dignity, and personal growth as the client faces death
client's home or a family member's home
life expectancy of 6 months
- Palliative care - - relief and prevention of suffering and improving the
quality of life for clients and their families/caregivers
holistic care provided for clients throughout the lifespan who are
experiencing a severe medical illness, and particularly for clients
approaching end of life
improve the quality of life for the client as well as for the family and
caregivers
advanced stages of cancer, refractory cardiac disease (heart failure), renal or
respiratory failure, and neurodegenerative conditions such as Alzheimer's
disease and Parkinson's disease
can be provided while the client is still receiving curative treatments
- respite care - - A service or agency that provides primary caregivers with a
short-term break from the responsibilities of client care.
- hospice nurse - - support the family's and other caregivers' needs by
assisting them to understand what they can anticipate as the client's
condition deteriorates, and how to meet the changing needs of their loved
one
- terminal phase - - "actively dying" or "imminent death"
- dyspnea - - difficulty breathing, shortness of breath
advanced-stage cancer, ascites, chronic obstructive respiratory disease, a
physical decline in respiratory functioning, and pneumonia.
, Opioids, such as morphine, are the first choice in treating dyspnea. oxygen
therapy
- "death rattle" - - retention of secretions in the respiratory tract
congestion and a "rattling" sound as the secretions become trapped, and the
client is unable to clear these secretions
Turning the client's head to the side or rolling the client to the side can assist
with drainage
- Cheyne-Stokes respirations - - an abnormal pattern of breathing
characterized by periods of apnea followed by deep rapid breathing
typically occurs within three days of impending death
- three-step ladder - - pain control begins with the use of nonsteroidal anti-
inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), which are nonopioid medications. If the client's
pain is unrelieved or increases in intensity, codeine or tramadol is
recommended. When the client's pain is rated as moderate to severe,
morphine is prescribed.
- Nonpharmacologic interventions - - diversion, relaxation exercises, or
imagery; massage therapy; breathing exercises; music therapy; spiritual
practices; changes in lighting or noise; repositioning; and the use of heat or
cold therapy.
- Temperature - - nervous system's ability to regulate body temperature
diminishes
Other causes of temperature changes may include infection, cancer, and
cancer therapy.
- temperature- infection - - sweating is normal, especially if a fever is
present
- temperature- Chemotherapy - - decreases the immune system's ability to
respond to an infection, which can lead to sepsis
- temperature- management - - cold or hot compresses, warm sponge
baths, hypothermia blankets, adjusting the air conditioning, using a fan, and
antipyretic medications, including acetaminophen, ibuprofen, naproxen, or
aspirin
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