Class notes

Class notes FUNDAMENTALS N100 (N100)

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Course
FUNDAMENTALS N100 (N100)

Institution
West Coast University

These documents are a breakdown of the ATI book and ATI engagement for nursing fundamentals. These are meant to summarize the reading. In order to understand and fully grasp the content, you need to do the readings first

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Uploaded on September 19, 2024
Number of pages 4
Written in 2024/2025
Type Class notes
Professor(s) Wcu
Contains Fundamentals of nursing 100

fundamentals
nursing 100
infectious control
pain management
mobility
sleep
sensory perception
head to toe assessment
elimination
skin integrity

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Engage: Elimination
Urinary Incontinence Kidney
Filters 120-150 quarts of blood a day
Stress incontinence= Coughing, sneezing, laughing, or physical activity that increases Produces 1 to 2 quarts of urine daily
pressure on the bladder, resulting in urine leakage.
Kidney->ureters->Bladder->urethra->urine
Urge incontinence= A strong need or urge to urinate, but leaking occurs before the client
gets to the toilet.
Reflex incontinence= Urinary leakage as a result of nerve damage.
Bladder
Holds up to 2 cups
Overflow incontinence= Incomplete bladder emptying that results in the bladder
3 muscles work together
overfilling when full, leading to urine leakage. 1. Urethra
Functional incontinence= Physical inability to reach the toilet in time. This may be due to 2. Sphincter
3. Pelvic floor muscles
a physical impairment such as being wheelchair bound or having arthritis of the hands,
which can hinder the fine motor skills needed to unbutton clothing. Urine color
Nocturnal enuresis (nighttime bedwetting)= Common in children but may occur in adults
Healthy= light yellow, clear, no cloudiness
who have consumed too much alcohol, who consume caffeine at night, or who take certain
Increase Fluid= dark yellow or amber
medications
Dehydrated= dark brown color
Small Intestine Blood= red tint
Food & liquid mix w/digestive secretions Blackberries/Beets/Rhubarb=reddish urine
Breakdown of Carbs, fats, proteins, vitamins Aloe/Fava beans= dark brown
Absorbs nutrients that help provide energy, growth,and cellular repair
Asparagus= Urine odor
Large Intestine
Liquid is absorbed from waste by-products stool begins to form Constipation
Produces vitamin K Hardened Stool
Medical Interventions= fever, bleeding, ab
Urinary Retention pain, vomiting, low back pain, weightloss
Occurs with immobile/nervous system injury
Incomplete emptying of the bladder
Caused by prostate for men clients
Can cause UTI, Bladder Damage, Kidney Damage, Urinary incontinence
Interventions= high fiber, well hydrated,
Urinary hesitancy= a difficulty when urinating that causes a weak trickling stream of
exercise, bowel training, stool softener, warm
urine and a need to strain mineral oil enema.

Conditions Alter Bowel Elimination
Diverticulouses= small sacs or pouch’s form in the colon
Diarrhea
Diverticulitis= inflamed pouch or sac in the colon Acute= 1-2 days
Irritable Bowel Syndrome= Ab pain and changes to bowl elimination patters that can Persistent= 2-4 weeks
include diarrhea/constipation Chronic= +4 weeks
Bowel Obstruction= a partial or complete blockage of the small or large bowel Frequent, loose, watery stool
Ileus= the flow of intestinal contents decreases or stops
Dehydration & malabsorption can occur
Symptoms= inability to tolerate food,nausea,vomiting
Treatment= NPO, NG tube, IV Fluid
Ulcerative Colitis= chronic disease causes inflam. & ulcers of the large intestine and colon Physiological Conditions
Dehydration
Fecal Diversions UTI
Kidney Stones
Ileostomy = uses terminal end of the small intestine called ileum Kidney Failure
J-Pouch= Internal pouch formed w/ileum. Internal reservoir connects to the Prostate Enlargement
anus after removal of colon and rectum
Kock Pouch= continent ileostomy system forms internal pouch w/valve so
intestinal contents do not escape the ileostomy
Urine Diversions
Dysuria= Pain or discomfort w/urination often due to infection or injury
Urinalysis= Bladder infection,UTI, kidney infection disease, & Diabetes Urethras Stent= a low passage of urine when ureter is
blocked
Urostomy= Section of S.I removed from G.Im, then
Catheter Care Enema attached to Ab wall where Stoma is created into a
pouch
Uretha Insertion= Sterile Tech Instillation of liquid solution through the anus to relieve Nephrostomy= tube drains urine directly from kidney
Condom/external= Clean Tech constipation or cleanse bowel into an external pouch (removal of kidney stone)
Indwelling Catheters = Cleaned Neobladder= reservoir surgically created from piece
Cleansing Enema= retain fluid for 15-30 min of bowel
Daily w/soap & water
Solutions: Continent Cutaneous Reservoir= placed in aB instead
• tap water (Hypotonic) mineral oil of pelvis
• 0.9% saline (isotonic) Cystostomy= catheter inserted directly into the
• Sodium phosphate bladder & attached to a drainage bag outside clients
abdomen

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