Exam (elaborations)
PN106 EXAM 8 (Eyes, Ears, Diabetes)
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PN106 EXAM 8 (Eyes, Ears, Diabetes)...
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How blood glucose is transported in the body - ANSWER Gets into cellsby crossing membrane via facilitated diffusion using carrier proteins
Difference between insulin and hypoglycemic medications - ANSWER
Insulin
-Four different classes
->Rapid acting
->Short acting
->Intermediate
->Long acting
-Inserted vis Subq or IV
-Has an onset (period before BG lowers), peak (BG at its lowest), and
duration (length of time insulin works before used up)
-Type 1
Hypoglycemic meds
-Multiple different classes
-Produce more natural insulin
-Action depends on class
->Stimulate pancreas
->Increase tissue sensitivity to insulin
->Slow carb digestion and absorption
->Reduce glucose reabsorption by kidneys
-Type 2
Risk factors for developing Type 2 - ANSWER -Obesity
-Have prediabetes
-45+ years old
-Physically active less than 3 days a week
-Heredity
-Metabolic syndrome
-Had gestational diabetes
-Insulin resistance
, Blood glucose monitoring- Continuous vs intermittent - ANSWER
Continuous
Causes of Hyperglycemia - ANSWER -Blood glucose >126
-Overeating
-Stress (major cause of hyperglycemia)
-Illness
-Not enough medication
Blood glucose and surgery - ANSWER -Can cause glucose levels to
increase because of stress on body
-Frequent glucose check
-Sliding scale or insulin drip used
-Maintain glucose of 140-180
Patient education regarding peripheral neuropathy - ANSWER -Don't
walk barefoot
-Check feet daily
-Quit smoking
-Exercise regularly
Diabetes and infection - ANSWER -People with diabetes are more prone
to infection
-If injuries occur, wound healing is impaired due to poor circulation
-May have limited blood supply to heal the wound or fight infection
-In presence of hyperglycemia, WBC become sluggish and ineffective
-Incidence of gum disease is also increased
Surgical risk factors - ANSWER -Age
-Obesity
-Smoking
-Chronic disease
-Drug use
-Nutrition
OR sterile technique/scrubbing in - ANSWER -Reduces the number of
microorganisms on hands and arms
-Jewelry removed
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