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HPH 508 Exam Questions And Accurate AnswersLatest Update 2024-2025
Regulation of managed care - Answer Backlash by providers and patients forced many
managed care plans to abandon the strict cost containment methods and gatekeepers.
Widespread media attention given to certain cases of denial of care
Public wanted more access to specialists without paying more
AMA redress balance of power
Some were opposed because they wanted a single payer system.
Lawmakers seeking visibility made some practices such as drive through deliveries,
illegal.
Class action lawsuit against Humana. The lawsuit was thrown out of the court, but
managed care plans did loosen up their cost containment measures.
How has managed care changed? - Response Managed care's tight cost containment
measures loosened
Economic boom of the 1990s
US economy in expansion mode. Stock market at new high.
Employers seemed to be more interested in retaining their workers rather than the
health care cost; thus, employers were paying for a more generous health plans with
higher insurance premiums.
Higher hospitals, physicians, and prescription drugs prices
Recent trends in HMO- Answer pay for performance with measures- clinical quality,
patient satisfaction and measure related to investment in info tech.
consumer driven health care
report cards
How the ACA affects managed care -Answer Insurance exchanges whereby individuals
and employees could purchase health insurance.
Trend to narrow provider networks being offered on the exchange may be the future of
,those who are private insurers and not buying insurance on the exchange.
It is hoped that ACO will transform not only the Medicare system but the delivery of
medical services, improving the quality of care and reducing the cost.
Coordinated care and evidence based medicine
To become an ACO, hospitals have been consolidating and employing physicians so as
to provide integrated and coordinated care to their Medicare enrollees
Health Manpower Training Act of 1964 - Answer gave medical schools strong financial
incentives to increase their enrollments. However, even with greater school capacity, a
large excess demand for a medical education will continue.
Due to the capped quota of medical school places, many qualified students get rejected
each year. Quite a number of these rejected students eventually go abroad and join
medical schools, which have higher tuition and can be longer in training.
Market for medical education in theory - Answer
When medicine is perceived relatively more attractive compared to other careers
demand for medical schools outstrips the number of available spaces.
Higher tuition will serve to ration student demand for the existing number of spaces and
provide medical schools with a financial incentive to invest in facilities and faculty so
that they could accommodate larger enrollment.
Shorter medical school programs? - Answer Argue there is no evidence that graduates
of 6 year programs perform more poorly on standardized board examination or as
practicing physicians. Schools with shorter training times could satisfy the excess
demand for a medical education and reduce the process by three to four years.
The market of medical education and practice - Answer The market for medical
education, however differs from other markets. The medical education industry
produces its output inefficiency-at high cost and using too many years of a student's
time .
If medical education were an industry like others, the more efficient competitors would
have driven out the less efficient competitors and transformed the industry,
Accreditation for medical schools
, Answer The liaison committee on medical education accredited programs leading to the
MD degree and establishes the criteria to which a school must adhere to receive
accreditation .
The LCME further states that the cost of a medical school education should be
supported by diverse sources: tuition, endowment, faculty earrings, government grants
and appropriations, parent universities and gifts.
Medical re-examination - Answer One examination of lack of medical education reform
indicated that facilities lack sufficient incentives to participate in reforming medical
education programs because promotion and tenure are based primarily on research
productivity and clinical practice expertise.
Recommended changes to medical school programs - Answer -ease of entry
requirements for starting new medical schools (MCOs)
-decrease medical school subsidies which would make the medical schools more
efficient through increased innovation.
-place a greater focus on physician practice pattern monitoring through state licensing
boards and discipline.
Measuring nursing shortages - Answer Measure shortage of nurse- % of unfilled nursing
positions for which hospitals are recruiting.
Each period of high or rising RN vacancy was accompanied by commissions to study the
problem and make recommendations. The high rates in the early 1960s initiated one of
the federal support for nursing education called the Nurse Training Act of 1964.
Nursing shortages in theory - Answer Definition of a nurse shortage is hospitals inability
to hire all the nurses they want at current wage. In other words, the demand for all
nurses exceeds the number of nurses willing to work at the existing market wage.
Economic theory predicts that one shortages begin, we observe rising wages for nurses
followed by declining vacancy rates.
Nursing shortage in practice - Answer The artificial shortages created by hospitals
before the mid 1960s are no longer possible with the antitrust laws.
The lack of information in the market for nurses lengthens the time necessary to resolve
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