100% satisfaction guarantee Immediately available after payment Both online and in PDF No strings attached
logo-home
Previously searched by you
Previously searched by you
logo
NURS 213 Proctored Exam 5 2024/2025 questions and correct answers ( 100% verified correct answers ) $12.89
Add to cart
Quickly navigate to
Preview
  2.  
  3. Chamberlain College Of Nursing
  4.  
  5. NURS 213

Exam (elaborations)

NURS 213 Proctored Exam 5 2024/2025 questions and correct answers ( 100% verified correct answers )
 0 purchase

NURS 213 Proctored Exam 5 2024 NURS 213 Proctored Exam 5 2024 NURS 213 Proctored Exam 5 2024 NURS 213 Proctored Exam 5 2024 NURS 213 Proctored Exam 5 2024 Disease process - etiology, pathogenesis, morphologic changes, clinical manifestations, diagnosis, and clinical course Immunosenesce...

[Show more]

Preview 4 out of 55  pages

Document information

  • September 20, 2024
  • 55
  • 2024/2025
  • Exam (elaborations)
  • Questions & answers

Subjects

Written for

All documents for this subject (10)

Seller

avatar-seller
TheStudyAce

Reviews received

Content preview

NURS 213 Proctored Exam 5 2024

Disease process - etiology, pathogenesis, morphologic changes, clinical
manifestations, diagnosis, and clinical course

Immunosenescence - the weakening of both the innate and adaptive
immune system with increasing age

Multicausality - the combination of internal processes and influences from
the environment that cause cell changes with aging

Physiological reserve - decrease in the ability to repair damage

Senescence - progressive loss of ability to replicate over time

Apoptosis - genetically programmed cell death. Example: ovaries during
menopause

Necrosis - cells die due to stressors

Infarction - consequence of prolonged ischemia. Example: myocardial
infarction

Gangrene - prolonged ischemia, infarction, and necrosis, followed by
exposure to bacteria that thrive on dead tissue

Atrophy - cells revert to a smaller size. Caused by loss of hormonal
stimulation, malnutrition, ischemia, or age

Hypertrophy - increase in cell size

, • Physiological: normal with exercise
• Pathological: increase without increase in supportive structures (e.g.,
high BP leading to higher workload for the LV)

Hyperplasia - increase in the number of cells. Example: pregnancy
stimulates mitotic division of breast gland cells, keloid

Metaplasia - replacement of one type of tissue with another that is not
normally found there. Example: GERD

Dysplasia - deranged cell growth, precancerous. Example: cervical
dysplasia seen in Pap smear

Anaplasia - cancerous

Hypoxic cell injury - most common; caused by ischemia, anemia, low
oxygen environments, pneumonia, suffocation, airway obstruction

Free radical cell injury - oxidative phosphorylation, small amounts of
reactive oxygen molecules are byproducts. Found in cigarette smoke and
toxins, damaging cells' DNA. Counteract with antioxidants (vitamins A, E,
C)

Acute inflammation

• Stage 1: vascular permeability; histamine and bradykinin enable
vasodilation, increasing permeability for fluids, wbcs, and platelets.
Area becomes warm, red (erythema), and swollen.

, • Stage 2: cellular chemotaxis; chemical signals attract more platelets
and wbcs to the site. WBC cytokines modulate response. Margination
occurs as wbcs line up.
• Stage 3: systemic response; symptoms throughout the body, such as
fever, pain, lymphadenopathy, lethargy, etc.

Chronic inflammation - characterized by macrophages, causing tissue
damage. Granuloma forms when macrophages aggregate and transform
into epithelial-like cells leading to tubercle formation.

Acute inflammation - characterized by neutrophils, which are the first to
the site

Skin wound healing (3 processes)

1. Inflammation
2. Proliferation: fibroblast synthesizes collagen, forming granulation
tissue
3. Maturation and remodeling

Exudate - purulent drainage, a protein-rich filtrate containing wbcs,
microbial organisms, and cellular debris

Primary intention - clean laceration that requires simple re-
epithelialization when edges are approximated. Example: surgical
laceration

Secondary intention - a wound with a large gap in tissue. Some tissue
has been gouged out. Example: decubitus ulcer

, Tertiary intention - large gap from missing tissue has been contaminated
and needs a drainage tube while healing; may require a skin graft

Mast cells - release histamine

Histamine - inflammatory mediator released from basophils, platelets, and
mast cells. Causes vasodilation. Symptoms include sneezing, runny nose,
eye tearing in the URT. Antihistamine: Benadryl

5 Cardinal signs of inflammation - heat, redness, swelling, pain, loss of
function

Chromosomal aberration - alteration in chromosome structure; breakage

• Polyploidy: more than the diploid number of each chromosome.
Triploid (3 copies) and tetraploid (4 copies) do not survive
• Aneuploidy: does not contain multiples of 23. Trisomy (3 copies of 1
chromosome), monosomy (1 copy of any chromosome)

Autosomal Aneuploidy - Down syndrome (trisomy 21). Not sex-linked.

• 80% have lower IQ
• 40% have heart disease
• Leukemia risk, weak immune system
• Adults are susceptible to early Alzheimer’s disease
• All males are sterile

Sex Chromosome Aneuploidy

The benefits of buying summaries with Stuvia:

Guaranteed quality through customer reviews

Guaranteed quality through customer reviews

Stuvia customers have reviewed more than 700,000 summaries. This how you know that you are buying the best documents.

Quick and easy check-out

Quick and easy check-out

You can quickly pay through credit card or Stuvia-credit for the summaries. There is no membership needed.

Focus on what matters

Focus on what matters

Your fellow students write the study notes themselves, which is why the documents are always reliable and up-to-date. This ensures you quickly get to the core!

Frequently asked questions

What do I get when I buy this document?

You get a PDF, available immediately after your purchase. The purchased document is accessible anytime, anywhere and indefinitely through your profile.

Satisfaction guarantee: how does it work?

Our satisfaction guarantee ensures that you always find a study document that suits you well. You fill out a form, and our customer service team takes care of the rest.

Who am I buying these notes from?

Stuvia is a marketplace, so you are not buying this document from us, but from seller TheStudyAce. Stuvia facilitates payment to the seller.

Will I be stuck with a subscription?

No, you only buy these notes for $12.89. You're not tied to anything after your purchase.

Can Stuvia be trusted?

4.6 stars on Google & Trustpilot (+1000 reviews)

69052 documents were sold in the last 30 days

Founded in 2010, the go-to place to buy study notes for 15 years now

Start selling

Recently viewed by you

Exam (elaborations) ·

(0)

(2023) New Jersey (NJ) Real Estate Practice Exam with Answers
$12.89
  • (0)
Add to cart
Added