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Chemistry The Central Science 14th Edition Brown Test Bank
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Chemistry The Central Science 14th Edition Brown Test Bank
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Chemistry The Central ScienceQuestion 1:
Which of the following is the strongest type of intermolecular force?
A) Dispersion forces
B) Dipole-dipole interactions
C) Hydrogen bonding
D) Ion-dipole interactions
Answer: D) Ion-dipole interactions
,Rationale: Ion-dipole interactions occur between an ion and a polar molecule,
making them generally stronger than other types of intermolecular forces like
hydrogen bonding, dipole-dipole interactions, and dispersion forces.
Question 2:
What is the molarity of a solution that contains 5.0 grams of sodium chloride (NaCl)
in 250 mL of solution? (Molar mass of NaCl = 58.44 g/mol)
A) 0.20 M
B) 0.40 M
C) 0.50 M
D) 0.80 M
Answer: B) 0.40 M
Rationale: To find molarity, use the formula:
Molarity (M)
=
moles of solute
liters of solution
Molarity (M)=
liters of solution
moles of solute
First, calculate the moles of NaCl:
moles of NaCl
=
5.0
g
,58.44
g/mol
≈
0.0856
mol
moles of NaCl=
58.44g/mol
5.0g
≈0.0856mol
Convert 250 mL to liters:
250
mL
=
0.250
L
250mL=0.250L
Now calculate molarity:
M
=
0.0856
mol
0.250
L
, ≈
0.3424
M
≈
0.40
M
M=
0.250L
0.0856mol
≈0.3424M≈0.40M
Question 3:
Which of the following statements is true regarding chemical equilibrium?
A) The concentrations of reactants and products are equal at equilibrium.
B) The rate of the forward reaction is equal to the rate of the reverse reaction.
C) At equilibrium, the reaction has stopped.
D) The reaction favors the formation of reactants at equilibrium.
Answer: B) The rate of the forward reaction is equal to the rate of the reverse
reaction.
Rationale: At chemical equilibrium, the rates of the forward and reverse reactions
are equal, leading to constant concentrations of reactants and products. However,
their concentrations do not have to be equal.
Question 4:
What is the pH of a 0.01 M hydrochloric acid (HCl) solution?
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