Straight line Anatomy & Physiology II Final Exam-Questions with
Correct Answers/ Verified/ Latest Update (2024/2025)
respiratory system
Parts of the respiratory system
What is the purpose of spermatogenesis?
Spermatogenesis is the production of sperm cells in males for sexual reproduction.
What is the purpose of Oogenesis?
Oogenesis is the production of the ova (egg cells) in females for sexual reproduction.
What are the functions of estrogen?
1. development of genitalia and breast, female fat distribution
2. growth of follicle, endometrial proliferation, increased myometrial excitability
3. up-regulation of estrogen, LH, progesterone receptors; feedback inhibition of FSH and LH,
then LH surge ; stimulation of prolactin secretion
4. blockage of prolactin action at breast
5. increased transport proteins, SHBG; increased HDL and decreased LDL`
What are the main functions of progesterone?
Regulate the menstrual cycle (develop uterine lining)
What is the function of luteinizing hormone in women?
Promotes the release of the egg via ovulation
What is the function of luteinizing hormone in men?
Causes the Leydig cells of the testes to produce testosterone
What are the phases of the Ovarian cycle?
Follicle phase, Ovulation phase and Luteal phase
What happens in the follicle phase in the ovarian cycle
FSH (Follicle stimulating hormones) promotes the development of follicles in the ovaries.
What happens in the Ovulation phase in the ovarian cycle
The egg is released from the surface of the ovary
, What happens in the Luteal phase of the ovarian cycle
Corpus Luteum produces progesterone which rises.
Increased progesterone -> increased oestrogen
Both supress LH & FSH
Later, falling progesterone causes uterine lining breakdown and menstruation
What are the phases of the uterine cycle?
menstrual phase, proliferative phase, secretory phase
What happens in the menstrual phase?
shedding of the endometrium
What happens in the proliferative phase?
endometrial lining thickens preparing the body for the implantation of a fertilized egg
What happens in the secretory phase?
In the secretory phase, estrogen maintains the thickness of the lining and progesterone
causes secretion of nutrients (glycogen, lipoproteins) into the endometrium.
What is the function of the prostate gland?
secretes a fluid that aids in the movement of the sperm
What structure regulates the temperature of the testes?
scrotum
Where is the cervix located?
Between vagina and uterus
What are the layers of the uterus?
1. perimetrium
2. myometrium
3. endometrium
What is the function of the perimetrium?
Serous membrane that covers the entire uterus
What is the function of the myometrium?
It expands during pregnancy to hold the growing fetus and contracts during labor to push
the baby out of the uterus.
What is the function of the endometrium?
Supplies nutrients and oxygen to egg or foetus before placenta grows.
What are the primary functions of the reproductive system?
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