Class notes
Microbial Metabolism and Transport
- Course
- BIO 175
- Institution
- Wake Technical Community College
Provides a summary of the power point in note form and a study guide to prepare for the unit exam.
[Show more]
Seller
Follow
Content preview
Study Guide For Microbial Metabolism and TransportWhat are the general characteristics of enzymes?
Enzyme structure ranges from a single protein (unconjugated) to a protein requiring cofactors or
coenzymes (conjugated)
Some enzymes need coenzymes and/or cofactors, what are those?
Vitamin C, B12, NAD are coenzymes
Iron, zinc, copper are metal ions that are examples of cofactors
How are enzymes regulated?
Enzymes can be regulated at a synthesis level —> they are not made if they are not needed in the
body at that particular time (ie. Lactase to break down lactose)
Competitive inhibition is another way enzymes are regulated —> molecules that resemble
substrate shapes but do not produce a reaction compete for active sites
Non competitive inhibition is another way enzymes are regulated —> the products of the
reaction bind to the enzyme and shut it down
Chemical decoration can alter enzyme activity (ie phosphorylation) —> adding phosphorus
(kinases) or removing phosphorus (phosphatases) turns enzyme on and off
Other chemical groups that decorate the enzyme like sugars can alter their activity
Enzyme activity can be altered by environmental factors like extreme temperatures, pH levels,
and solute concentrations that can denature the enzyme
What is the difference between competitive and non-competitive inhibition?
Molecules that have a similar shape to the substrate but do not produce a chemical reaction bind
to the same enzyme active sites are competitors in competitive inhibition
The products from the substrate attach to the enzyme and shut it down are non-competitive
inhibitors
How can we use competitive inhibition against microbes?
Some pathogenic enzymes have active sites that bind to antimicrobials and destroy the
antimicrobials which allow the bacteria to resist the treatment
We develop look-alike antimicrobials that can bind to the same active site but cannot be
destroyed by the enzyme and give these competitive inhibitors in conjunction with the
antimicrobials the enzyme can destroy
Do enzymes work alone? If not, how can they be organized?
Enzymes do not work alone, they are organized in metabolic pathways.
What do catabolic processes do? Anabolic?
The benefits of buying summaries with Stuvia:
Guaranteed quality through customer reviews
Stuvia customers have reviewed more than 700,000 summaries. This how you know that you are buying the best documents.
Quick and easy check-out
You can quickly pay through credit card or Stuvia-credit for the summaries. There is no membership needed.
Focus on what matters
Your fellow students write the study notes themselves, which is why the documents are always reliable and up-to-date. This ensures you quickly get to the core!
Frequently asked questions
What do I get when I buy this document?
You get a PDF, available immediately after your purchase. The purchased document is accessible anytime, anywhere and indefinitely through your profile.
Satisfaction guarantee: how does it work?
Our satisfaction guarantee ensures that you always find a study document that suits you well. You fill out a form, and our customer service team takes care of the rest.
Who am I buying these notes from?
Stuvia is a marketplace, so you are not buying this document from us, but from seller jennasteiner. Stuvia facilitates payment to the seller.
Will I be stuck with a subscription?
No, you only buy these notes for $7.99. You're not tied to anything after your purchase.
Can Stuvia be trusted?
4.6 stars on Google & Trustpilot (+1000 reviews)
53068 documents were sold in the last 30 days
Founded in 2010, the go-to place to buy study notes for 14 years now