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IB Biology, Ecology Final Exam Study Test.

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IB Biology, Ecology Final Exam Study Test. Ecology - CORRECT ANSWER The science of the relationships between organisms and their environments. Organism - CORRECT ANSWER an individual living thing that uses energy, reproduces, responds, grows, and develops Species - CORRECT ANSWER a group...

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  • September 20, 2024
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IB Biology, Ecology Final Exam Study
Test.

Ecology - CORRECT ANSWER The science of the relationships between organisms and their
environments.



Organism - CORRECT ANSWER an individual living thing that uses energy, reproduces, responds, grows,
and develops



Species - CORRECT ANSWER a group of similar organisms that can breed and produce fertile offspring



Population - CORRECT ANSWER group of individuals of the same species that live in the same area at
same time



Community - CORRECT ANSWER a number of different populations living and interacting in the same
area (all the living things in an area)



Ecosystem - CORRECT ANSWER a community and its abiotic environment (all the living things in an area
interacting with the non-living things)



Autotroph - CORRECT ANSWER - also known as a producer

- an organism capable of making its own food from inorganic substances using light or chemical energy.

- eg. Green plants, algae, and certain bacteria



Heterotroph - CORRECT ANSWER An organism that obtains organic food molecules by consuming other
organisms or substances derived from them.



Carbon cycle - CORRECT ANSWER the continuous process by which carbon is exchanged between
organisms and the environment

, Energy flow - CORRECT ANSWER energy from the sun is captured by producers and passed along food
chains by consumption and decomposition. Energy is lost at each stage.



Trophic level - CORRECT ANSWER each step in a food chain or food web. producers are at level 1.



Food web - CORRECT ANSWER network of complex interactions formed by the feeding relationships
among the various organisms in an ecosystem (all interconnected food chains)



Food chain - CORRECT ANSWER shows the transfer of energy along a feeding relationship from
producers along the different trophic levels



producer --> primary consumer --> secondary consumer --> tertiary consumer



eg. grass --> cricket --> mouse --> snake



Pyramid of energy - CORRECT ANSWER a diagram to show the energy contained in a food chain, web or
community



10% Rule - CORRECT ANSWER the idea that only 10% of the energy in one trophic level gets passed onto
the next trophic level due to losses of heat (respiration), feces, decomposition, etc



Producer - CORRECT ANSWER organism that can capture energy from sunlight or chemicals and use it to
produce food from inorganic compounds; also called an autotroph



Consumer - CORRECT ANSWER organism that relies on other organisms for its energy and food supply;
also called a heterotroph



Primary Consumer - CORRECT ANSWER Consumer that feeds directly on producers; (animals that feed
on plants, algae or phytoplankton)



Secondary Consumer - CORRECT ANSWER An organism that eats primary consumers; (animals that
generally feed on herbivores)

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