I HUMAN CASE WEEK #4 2YEAR OLD
FEMALE,REASONS FOR ENCOUNTER RASH [CLASS
6531]
Santiago - answer-A Cuban fisherman who has had an extended run of
bad luck. He hasn't been able to catch a fish in 84 days. He is humble, but
has pride in his abilities. He knows a lot about the sea, the creatures, and
his craft.
Life from Death - answer-Death is the unavoidable force , the one fact that
no living creature can escape. But death, is never an end in itself: in death
there is always the possibility of the most vigorous life. The reader notes
that as Santiago slays the marlin, not only is the old man reinvigorated by
the battle, but the fish also comes alive "with his death in him." Life, the
possibility of renewal, necessarily follows on the heels of death.
Whereas the marlin's death hints at a type of physical reanimation, death
leads to life in less literal ways at other points in the novella. The book's
crucifixion imagery emphasizes the cyclical connection between life and
death, as does Santiago's battle with the marlin. His success at bringing
the marlin in earns him the awed respect of the fishermen who once
mocked him, and secures him the companionship of Manolin, the
apprentice who will carry on Santiago's teachings long after the old man
has died.
Joe DiMaggio - answer-Although DiMaggio never appears in the novel, he
plays a significant role nonetheless. Santiago worships him as a model of
strength and commitment, and his thoughts turn toward DiMaggio
whenever he needs to reassure himself of his own strength. Despite a
painful bone spur that might have crippled another player, DiMaggio went
on to secure a triumphant career. He was a center fielder for the New York
Yankees from 1936 to 1951, and is often considered the best all-around
player ever at that position.
Perico - answer-Perico, the reader assumes, owns the bodega in
Santiago's village. He never appears in the novel, but he serves an
important role in the fisherman's life by providing him with newspapers that
,report the baseball scores. This act establishes him as a kind man who
helps the aging Santiago.
Martin - answer-Like Perico, Martin, a café owner in Santiago's village,
does not appear in the story. The reader learns of him through Manolin,
who often goes to Martin for Santiago's supper. As the old man says,
Martin is a man of frequent kindness who deserves to be repaid.
SYMBOL--The Marlin - answer-Magnificent and glorious, the marlin
symbolizes the ideal opponent. In a world in which "everything kills
everything else in some way," Santiago feels genuinely lucky to find himself
matched against a creature that brings out the best in him: his strength,
courage, love, and respect.
SYMBOL
The Shovel-Nosed Sharks - answer-The shovel-nosed sharks are little
more than moving appetites that thoughtlessly and gracelessly attack the
marlin. As opponents of the old man, they stand in bold contrast to the
marlin, which is worthy of Santiago's effort and strength. They symbolize
and embody the destructive laws of the universe and attest to the fact that
those laws can be transcended only when equals fight to the death.
Because they are base predators, Santiago wins no glory from battling
them.
He has faced many trials to test his strength and endurance.
The marlin that he struggles with for 3 days is his greatest challenge.
Manolin - answer-Santiago's apprentice and devoted attendant. The old
man first took him out on a boat when he was merely five years old. Due to
Santiago's recent bad luck, Manolin's parents have forced the boy to go out
on a different fishing boat. Manolin, however, still cares deeply for the old
man, to whom he continues to look as a mentor. His love for Santiago is
unmistakable as the two discuss baseball and as the young boy recruits
help from villagers to improve the old man's impoverished conditions.
, The Marlin - answer-Santiago hooks the marlin, which we learn at the end
of the novella measures eighteen feet, on the first afternoon of his fishing
expedition. Because of the marlin's great size, Santiago is unable to pull
the fish in, and the two become engaged in a kind of tug-of-war that often
seems more like an alliance than a struggle. The fishing line serves as a
symbol of the fraternal connection Santiago feels with the fish. When the
captured marlin is later destroyed by sharks, Santiago feels destroyed as
well. Like Santiago, the marlin is implicitly compared to Christ.
MOTIF
Crucifixion Imagery - answer-In order to suggest the profundity of the old
man's sacrifice and the glory that derives from it, Hemingway purposefully
likens Santiago to Christ, who, according to Christian theology, gave his life
for the greater glory of humankind.
When Santiago's palms are first cut by his fishing line, the reader cannot
help but think of Christ suffering his stigmata. Later, when the sharks arrive,
Hemingway portrays the old man as a crucified martyr, saying that he
makes a noise similar to that of a man having nails driven through his
hands. Furthermore, the image of the old man struggling up the hill with his
mast across his shoulders recalls Christ's march toward Calvary. Even the
position in which Santiago collapses on his bed—face down with his arms
out straight and the palms of his hands up—brings to mind the image of
Christ suffering on the cross. Hemingway employs these images in the final
pages of the novella in order to link Santiago to Christ, who exemplified
transcendence by turning loss into gain, defeat into triumph, and even
death into renewed life.
MOTIF
MOTIF--The Lions on the Beach - answer-Santiago dreams his pleasant
dream of the lions at play on the beaches of Africa three times. The first
time is the night before he departs on his three-day fishing expedition, the
second occurs when he sleeps on the boat for a few hours in the middle of
his struggle with the marlin, and the third takes place at the very end of the
book. The sober promise of the triumph and regeneration with which the
novella closes is supported by the final image of the lions. Because
Santiago associates the lions with his youth, the dream suggests the
