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IB Biology Study Practice Test.
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IB Biology Study Practice Test. What does it mean to be alive? (7) - CORRECT ANSWER - maintain homeostasis - respond to stimuli - adapt and evolve over time - ability to reproduce - growth and development - uses nutrition (metabolizes) - excretes waste Totipotent stem cells - CORRECT A...

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  • September 20, 2024
  • 29
  • 2024/2025
  • Exam (elaborations)
  • Questions & answers

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IB Biology Study Practice Test.
What does it mean to be alive? (7) - CORRECT ANSWER - maintain homeostasis

- respond to stimuli

- adapt and evolve over time

- ability to reproduce

- growth and development

- uses nutrition (metabolizes)

- excretes waste



Totipotent stem cells - CORRECT ANSWER Unlimited capability and have the ability to form the embryo

*Source:* zygote



Pluripotent stem cells - CORRECT ANSWER Capable of developing into every cell

*Source:* Blastocyst



Multipotent - CORRECT ANSWER Give rise to cells that have specific function

*Source:* Bone marrow



Properties of prokaryotic cells - CORRECT ANSWER - naked DNA

- no membrane bound organelles

- size: 1 um

- bacteria



Properties of eukaryotic cells - CORRECT ANSWER - chromosomes contain DNA

-membrane bound organelles

- size: 100 um

,- plant / animal



Endosymbiotic Theory - CORRECT ANSWER Explains that organelles like mitochondria and chloroplasts
originated from a symbiotic relationship between two prokaryotic organisms

*Evidence:*

- Membranes

- DNA

- Reproduction

- Size



Components of the phospholipid bilayer - CORRECT ANSWER - hydrophilic head

- hydrophobic tail

- integral proteins (hydrophobic)

- peripheral proteins (hydrophilic)

- cholesterol (attracted to hydrophobic tails, one molecule is hydrophilic and attracted to hydrophilic
heads)



Functions of membrane proteins - CORRECT ANSWER - hormone binding sites

- immobilized enzymes with active site on the outside

- cell adhesion to form junctions between groups of cells in tissues and organs

- cell-to-cell communication (receptors for neurotransmitters)

- channels for passive transport to allow hydrophilic particles across by facilitated diffusion

- pumps for active transport



Cell theory - CORRECT ANSWER 1) All organisms are composed of cells

2) Cells are the smallest unit of structure in living things

3) Cells can only be formed by division of pre-existing cells



What is the purpose of cell division - CORRECT ANSWER Mitosis: The division of the nucleus into two
geneticall identical daughter nuclei

, 1) Reproduction

2) Organism growth

3) Repair and renew



Prophase - CORRECT ANSWER - centrioles move to opposite poles

- spindle fibers form on centrioles

- chromatids condense to replicated chromosomes



Metaphase - CORRECT ANSWER - spindle fibers attach to centromeres

- chromosomes align in the middle of cell



Anaphase - CORRECT ANSWER - spindle fibers pull centromeres towards poles

- chromosomes pull apart causing two identical chromatids to go into each cell



Telophase - CORRECT ANSWER - cleavage furrow forms

- nuclear envelope begins forming around chromatids



How can mutations cause cancer - CORRECT ANSWER Mutations are random changes to the base
sequence of genes. Mutations can result in uncontrolled cell division and therefore tumor formation.



Four carbon compounds - CORRECT ANSWER - proteins

- lipids

- carbohydrates

- nucleic acid



Ribose - CORRECT ANSWER - four carbon atoms are in the ring and one forms the side chain



Glucose - CORRECT ANSWER - five carbon atoms are in the ring and one forms the side chain

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