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MCB3020 EXAM 3 UF QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
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MCB3020 EXAM 3 UF QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
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Name: Score:198 Multiple choice questions
Term 1 of 198
Hepatitis B
allows researchers to determine how much DNA template was present in a given sample
cause leakage of cellular components when they bind to sterols in cell membrane
a disease of the liver caused by a virus; associated with a form of liver cancer
naturally produced agents that kill pests
ex. Bt (Bacillus thuringiensis)
Term 2 of 198
Define One-Step growth cycle?
technique developed in the 1930s by bacteriophage virologists
1) attachment/penetration
2) eclipse
3) yield
4) release
lytic: release of new phages by lysis and death of cell
-> quickly replicate, spread but could kill all the host cells
lysogenic: viral genome becomes incorporated into bacterial host chromosome as a
prophage and does not kill host
-> virus can remain integrated in host until environmental conditions are right
penicillins
1. attachment/absorption
2. penetration
3. uncoating
4. synthesis/replication
5. assembly
6. release (viruses may acquire envelope)
,Term 3 of 198
What is the rationale behind the combination drug therapy for HIV infections?
required for proper growth, development, and reproduction
creates multiple obstacles to HIV replication
energy source to generate electricity
enzyme that inactivates antibiotics by hydrolyzing bond in beta-lactam ring
Term 4 of 198
List steps in virus replication.
-antibiotics and synthetic drugs that control the spread of microbes (kill/neutralize)
tumor-inducing bacterium that can be used as a cloning vector that carries the DNA of
interest and selectable marker
-can transfer genes from prokaryotes to eukaryotes
1. attachment/absorption
2. penetration
3. uncoating
4. synthesis/replication
5. assembly
6. release (viruses may acquire envelope)
anti-fungal: azoles, polyenes (attack ergosterol- common sterol in fungi)
anti-viral: acyclovir, ribovirin, amantadine, tamiflu
,Term 5 of 198
What is the overall purpose of sewage treatment process?
-scientists use enzymes (cellulose) to remove the cell walls of multiple cells (creating
protoplasts)
-put protoplasts together in solution, apply electric shock (electroportation), fusing
them as a somatic hybrid
-most commonly used in fungi
reduce biological oxygen demand (BOD)- measure of the amount of dissolved O2
required by aerobic biological organisms in a body of water to break down the organic
material in the water
monolayer: layer of homogenized cells growing side by side
-> if exposed to cancer cells, become "immortal" and used to propagate viruses
-plaque assay: allows researchers to count the number of viruses in known volume of
sample
-hemagglutination assay: quantify red blood cells in sample
Term 6 of 198
biocatalysts
-microorganisms that facilitate changes to a substrate molecule, not sued up or changed
as a result of the reaction
-important to bioconversion
uses micoorganisms, enzymes, or organelles and a physical transducer to detect the
presence of a substance
naturally produced agents that kill pests
ex. Bt (Bacillus thuringiensis)
ex. dextran, polyhydroxybutyrate (PHB)
-serve as gelling agents and modify the flow of liquids
-adding biopolymers to a fluid slows its movement through a system, useful in industrial
applications
, Term 7 of 198
How reverse vaccinology works?
bind to and inhibit enzymes responsible for final step or bacterial cell wall synthesis
(transpeptidation)
biotransformation
-use of live organisms to facilitate a chemical reaction that converts a substance to a
chemically modified form
infectious RNA molecules that encode one or more gene products; unlike viroids,
require helper virus to infect host cells
involves the use of bioinformatics to screen the entire genome of a pathogen in order to
identify genes that are good vaccine targets
Term 8 of 198
Amphotericin B
polyene used as anti-fungal
anti-parasite drug for malaria
synonym for a transposon
nucleic acid and capsid
Term 9 of 198
cosmid
heat-resistant polymerase isolated from thermophilic prokaryotes
virus that lyses the host bacterial cell during the reproductive cycle
A hybrid between a plasmid vector and phage (30,000-47,000 base pairs)
technique that combines electrophoresis and hybridization to detect specific DNA
fragments
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