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MCB3020 EXAM 1 BACUSMO QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
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MCB3020 EXAM 1 BACUSMO QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
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Name: Score:107 Multiple choice questions
Term 1 of 107
What are the three components of the Eukaryotic cytoskeleton? (smallest -> largest)
cannulae: hollow, tubelike structures
hami: look like tiny grappling hooks and may be used for adhesion
microfilaments, intermediate filaments, and microtubules
gram-positive = blue/purple
gram-negative= red/pink
scrapie, BSE, kuru, and Creutz-Jakob disease
Term 2 of 107
What are the major examples of prion diseases?
scrapie, BSE, kuru, and Creutz-Jakob disease
Nucleic acid (RNA and DNA) in a protein coat
FtsZ in cell division
MreB determines cell shape in rod-shape bacteria
CreS creates curve shape in Caulobacter crescentus bacteria
gram-positive = blue/purple
gram-negative= red/pink
Term 3 of 107
Scanning electron microscope (SEM)
smallest: viruses
largest: eukaryotic protists
produce an image of the details of the cell surface
carry genes for enzymes involved in metabolism
produce an image of the details inside of the cell
,Term 4 of 107
role of slime layer
similar to capsule except it is diffuse, less organized, and more easily removed; aids in
cell motility
where the single, circular, double-stranded chromosome and associated proteins
aggregate within the cell
additional extracellular polymers. typically made up of polysaccharides and facilitate
the formation of the biofilm
first to publish drawings of microorganisms in book Micrographic in 1665
Term 5 of 107
What is the key distinction between eukaryotes and prokaryotes?
cell envelope: consists of the plasma membrane, cell wall, and layers outside of the cell
wall (glycocalyx)
membranous organelle that consists of stacked cisternae. it is involved in the
modification, packaging, and secretion of materials.
eukaryotes have membrane-bound nuclei and organelles that perform specific
functions
Cellular organisms: fungi, protists, bacteria, archaea
Acellular organisms: viruses, viroids, satellites, prions
Term 6 of 107
Define the role of the R plasmid
made up of a bilayer that consists of a sea of phospholipids with proteins floating in it
carry antibiotic resistance genes
capsule and slime layer
form a sex pilus and transfer DNA
,Term 7 of 107
Francesco Stelluti
consists of everything inside the cell envelope, including the cytoskeleton,
intracytoplasmic membranes, inclusions, ribosomes, the nucleoid, and plasmids
complexes of RNA and protein that serve as the site of protein synthesis within the cell
first to observe organisms (bees and weevils) under a microscope (1625-1630)
a process in which bacteria move toward an attractant and away from a repellent
Term 8 of 107
What external structure is unique to eukaryotes?
form a sex pilus and transfer DNA
cilia and flagella
capsule and slime layer
nucleic acids
Term 9 of 107
define a light and electron microscope.
rough ER: studded with ribosomes, which synthesize proteins
smooth ER: no ribosomes attached to it but has enzymes that synthesize lipids
structural stains: used to identify and highlight the structures of a bacterial cell.
three types: endospore stains, capsule stain, and flagellar stain
light microscope: involves passing light through one or more lenses to create a
magnified view of the sample
electron microscope: uses electrons rather than light
bright-field, dark-field, phase-contrast, fluorescence
, Term 10 of 107
What is the Endoplasmic Reticulum (ER) and its role?
a network of membranous tubules and flattened sacs. it transports proteins, lipids, and
other materials within the cell and is the major site of cell membrane synthesis
Cellular organisms: fungi, protists, bacteria, archaea
Acellular organisms: viruses, viroids, satellites, prions
space between the plasma membrane and cell wall in Gram-positive bacteria
membranous organelle that consists of stacked cisternae. it is involved in the
modification, packaging, and secretion of materials.
Term 11 of 107
Prions often lead to _______ diseases that affect both humans and domesticated ______.
neurodegenerative; animals
virulence genes
capsule and slime layer
3.5 billion years ago
Term 12 of 107
describe the plasma membrane and its role
membranous organelle that consists of stacked cisternae. it is involved in the
modification, packaging, and secretion of materials.
bacterial and archaea: 70S with a 50S large subunit and 30S small subunit
eukaryotic: 80S with a 60S large subunit and 40S small subunit
selective permeable barrier that controls what substances enter and leave the cell; fluid
mosaic model
additional layer outside of the cell wall that consists of carbohydrates, proteins, and
lipids; has a capsule and slime layer
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