Exam (elaborations)
A&P 2 MGCCC FINAL EXAM
- Course
- Institution
A&P 2 MGCCC FINAL EXAM ...
[Show more]
Content preview
A&P 2 MGCCC FINAL EXAM 2024-2025List kidney functions (pages 995–996). - ANSWER Waste excretion, blood
ionic composition, blood pH modulation, Blood volume regulation, blood
pressure regulation, blood osmolarity maintenance, hormone production and
modulation, and blood glucose level regulation
List the waste products that the kidneys regularly expel (p. 1011). - ANSWER
Water, proteins, sodium and chloride ions, bicarbonate ions, glucose, urea,
potassium ions, uric acid, creatinine
Which layer of smooth dense irregular connective tissue surrounds the kidney
and the outer layer of the ureter? (pg. 995) - ANSWER: renal fascia
What component of the kidney lies between the renal pyramids? (pg. 998) -
Answer: renal columns.
List the order in which blood flows through the kidneys (page 998). - ANSWER
Renal arteries, segmental arteries, interlobar arteries, arcuate arteries, cortical
radiate arteries, afferent arteries, glomerular capillaries, efferent arterioles,
peritubular capillaries, peritubular venules, cortical radiate veins, arcuate veins,
interlobar veins, and renal vein
List the order in which filtrate flows through a cortical nephron (p. 1001). -
ANSWER Glomerular capsule, proximal convoluted tubule, ascending and
descending limbs of the nephron loop, and distal convoluted tubule.
Which nephron structure has the highest substance reabsorption rate? (pg. 1010)
- Answer: proximal convoluted tubule.
What nephron structure filters blood plasma? (pg. 999) - Answer: glomerulus.
What is reabsorption? (pg. 1005) - ANSWER the process of the nephron
removing water and solutes from the tubular fluid and returning them to the
circulating blood
, What is tubular secretion? (pg. 1005) - Answer: the transfer of materials from
peritubular capillaries to the renal tubular lumen; it is the opposite process of
reabsorption.
What is the basement membrane? (pg. 1007) - The majority of animal tissues
are surrounded by thin, thick sheets of specialized, self-assembled extracellular
matrix.
What is the myogenic mechanism? (pg. 1008) - ANSWER how arteries and
arterioles respond to an increase or drop in blood pressure to keep the blood
flow constant within the blood vessel.
What is the transcellular reabsorption route? (pg. 1011) - ANSWER moves
from fluid in the tubular lumen through the apical membrane of a tubule cell,
across the cytosol, and out into interstitial fluid via the basolateral membrane.
How much of the filtered water do the proximal convoluted tubules reabsorb?
(pg. 1012) - ANSWER: 65%
How does angiotensin II affect the kidneys? (pg. 1016) - ANSWER promotes
Na-H exchange, which increases sodium reabsorption. Increased Na levels in
the body operate to raise the osmolarity of the blood, causing a shift of fluid into
the blood volume and extracellular space.
Where does the urea recycling occur? (pg. 1020) - The ANSWER loop of
Henle.
What happens to blood pH as the release of hydrogen ions (H+) increases? (pg.
1021) - ANSWER pH decreases.
What happens to blood sodium (Na+) levels as aldosterone output increases?
(pg. 1016) - ANSWER: add sodium.
What is a urinalysis? (pg. 1022) - ANSWER: Urine is analyzed physically,
chemically, and microscopically to detect the presence of disease, drugs, etc.
The benefits of buying summaries with Stuvia:
Guaranteed quality through customer reviews
Stuvia customers have reviewed more than 700,000 summaries. This how you know that you are buying the best documents.
Quick and easy check-out
You can quickly pay through credit card or Stuvia-credit for the summaries. There is no membership needed.
Focus on what matters
Your fellow students write the study notes themselves, which is why the documents are always reliable and up-to-date. This ensures you quickly get to the core!
Frequently asked questions
What do I get when I buy this document?
You get a PDF, available immediately after your purchase. The purchased document is accessible anytime, anywhere and indefinitely through your profile.
Satisfaction guarantee: how does it work?
Our satisfaction guarantee ensures that you always find a study document that suits you well. You fill out a form, and our customer service team takes care of the rest.
Who am I buying these notes from?
Stuvia is a marketplace, so you are not buying this document from us, but from seller luzlinkuz. Stuvia facilitates payment to the seller.
Will I be stuck with a subscription?
No, you only buy these notes for $9.99. You're not tied to anything after your purchase.
Can Stuvia be trusted?
4.6 stars on Google & Trustpilot (+1000 reviews)
78677 documents were sold in the last 30 days
Founded in 2010, the go-to place to buy study notes for 14 years now