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NUR 504 W3- Cardiac Rhythms, Pacemakers, Myocardial Infarction Questions and Correct Answers $8.99
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NUR 504 W3- Cardiac Rhythms, Pacemakers, Myocardial Infarction Questions and Correct Answers
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What is a myocardial infarction? - medical emergency - myocardial tissue abruptly and severely deprived of oxygen - results in irreversible death of myocardial cells - require immediate revascularization of blocked coronary artery What are the three zones of myocardial infarction? 1. zone of necro...

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  • September 21, 2024
  • 5
  • 2024/2025
  • Exam (elaborations)
  • Questions & answers

Subjects

  • nur 504 w3 cardiac rhythms pacemakers myocardia
  • what are the three zones of myocardial infarction
  • what causes a myocardial infarction coronary v

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  • NUR 504
  • NUR 504

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NUR 504 W3- Cardiac Rhythms,
Pacemakers, Myocardial Infarction
Questions and Correct Answers
What is a myocardial infarction? ✅- medical emergency
- myocardial tissue abruptly and severely deprived of oxygen
- results in irreversible death of myocardial cells
- require immediate revascularization of blocked coronary artery

What are the three zones of myocardial infarction? ✅1. zone of necrosis: completely
dead
2. zone of injury: cells are injured
3. zone of ischemia: not getting enough o2 but can restore

What causes a myocardial infarction? ✅- coronary vasospasm
- spontaneous dissection
- Atherosclerosis: sluggish blood flow due to narrowing of the coronary artery

Risk factors of Myocardial Infarction: ✅- sedentary lifestyle
- elevated lipid profile
- smoking
- poor diet
- male
- age
- fam hx
- DM
- HTN
- obesity (esp abdominal)
- stress
- poor oral hygeine
- elevate homocysteine lvls
- presence of peripheral vascular disease

How to diagnose myocardial infarction? ✅- EKG changes: inverted or peaked T waves
- cardiac biomarkers: troponin (released with myocardial necrosis 3-12 hrs after chest
pain, peak at 24-48 hrs, return to baseline at 5-14 days), creatinine kinase, CK-MB
(isoenzyme of creatinine kinase)

S/s of MI: ✅- fullness, indigestion, chocking
- n/v
- intense crushing pain chest neck and left arm
- anxiety, or impending doom
- lightheaded, syncope

, - SOB
- tachypnea
- JVD
- wheezing
- rapid or irregular pulse

Medical management of MI: ✅- require immediate revascularization of blocked
coronary artery (elevation of l. ventricular function, PCI w/in 90 min and no more than 12
hours after symptoms)
- therapeutic hypothermia
- coronary artery bypass graft

Medical management of MI: ✅- statins: to prevent it
- P2Y12 receptor inhibitors (clopidegril, ticagrelor): prevent further clotting
- aspirin
- supplemental o2
- nitroglycerin
- morphine
- fibrolytic therapy (tenecteplase, reteplase, alteplase*)

Nursing interventions for MI: ✅- ACLS algorithm
- if fibrolytic started: labs (ptt, antXa), monitor for bleed
- focused cardiac assessment
- hemodynamic monitoring
- labs: troponin
- alleviate anxiety
- comfortable environment
- structure routines and rest periods
- I&O

ACLS Algorithm ✅

What is pt teaching for someone with unstable angina on nitroglycerin? ✅headache is
a normal side effect

What is different about an NSTEMi vs a STEMI? ✅STEMI: classic heart attach, full
occlusion, elevated ST, and troponin

NSTEMI: intermediate form with partial occlusion, just elevated troponin and treated
with anticoags until catheterized

T/F: unstable angina causes elevated troponin levels ✅False

Medical management of an NSTEMI: ✅- heparin drip: prevent further clot formation
- beta-blockers

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