A Level Edexcel summary notes. Includes a summary of key information, referring to specific spec points. Written in clear, easy-to-read, digital handwriting. These are the notes I used to revise to obtain an A* in chemistry in 2024.
Oxidation land therefore reduction can e defined as:
↓) oxygen:
· oxidation is the gain of oxygen
· Reduction is the loss of oxygen
2) Hydrogen:
· oxidation is the loss ofhydrogen
· Reduction is the gain of hydrogen
Electrons:
3)
o oxidation is the loss of
electrons
· Reduction is the gain electrons
of
4) oxidation Numbers:
o oxidation involves an increase in oxidation number
· Reduction involves a decrease in oxidation number
Oxidation Number:
· The number ofelectrons gained or lost if the compound were to be
considered fully ionic
· Bules for assigning oxidation number
1) the atom
If is in an element, o.N. 0
=
2) Flourine is always o.N.=-1
3)Hydrogen is usually 0. N. =
+1
*yorogen can be 0.N=-1 in compounds with reactive metals
4) oxygen is usually 0.N.=-2
oxygen can be o.N=-1 in peroxide H202
0.N.= +2 in Ofz
0.N. 0
= in 02/03
5)Use Periodic table/common sense
e.g. group 2 likely to be +2
group I likely to be th
0.N.'s usually so in twos
Roman Numerals
oxidation state of elementin a
·
Roman numerals are used to show an
compound which has variable oxidation states
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