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2024 NURS 251 EXAM 4 WITH CORRECT ANSWERS
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2024 NURS 251 EXAM 4 WITH CORRECT ANSWERS
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2024 NURS 251 EXAM 4 WITHCORRECT ANSWERS
Which of the following is true regarding hearing loss?
A. Accumulation of Cerumen in the ear can contribute to Sensorineural
hearing loss
B. Presbycusis occurs in older adults who were exposed to loud noises in
their younger years
C. Hearing loss is never related to improper medication use
D. Otosclerosis is a common cause of conductive hearing loss in young adults
- CORRECT-ANSWERSCorrect: D. Otosclerosis is a type of conductive hearing
loss that occurs in young adults.
Cerumen accumulation is another example of conductive hearing loss.
Conductive vs sensorineural hearing loss - CORRECT-ANSWERSConductive
hearing loss is a mechanical dysfunction with the external or middle ear
(sound does not travel properly),
while Sensorineural hearing loss has to do with the interpretation of sound in
the brain with the cranial nerves, or the inner ear (brain cannot detect
sound, even though there is nothing mechanical wrong in the ear).
Hyperthyroidism - CORRECT-ANSWERS(Goiter): metabolic rate increased
(think the body is revving itself up)
Eyelid retraction
Exophthalmos
Hypothyroidism - CORRECT-ANSWERS(Myxedema): metabolic rate decreased
(think the body is slowing down)
Dry skin/hair
Non Pitting/Periorbital edema
Puffy edematous face
Which of these clinical findings are indicative of hypoxia? SATA A. Sudden
restlessness
B. Bradycardia
C. Increased urine output
D. Cool skin E. SpO2 88% - CORRECT-ANSWERSA, D, E. Hypoxia affects
nearly every system of the body, but its effects are first noticed in the
brain/neurological system. A sudden change in mental status like
restlessness or irritability can be the first indicator that a person is becoming
,hypoxic. Additionally they will develop tachycardia, cool skin, cyanosis (late
sign), urine output decrease, and a low SpO2.
Crackles - CORRECT-ANSWERSCracking or popping noise
Ronchi - CORRECT-ANSWERSWashing machine like sound
Wheezes - CORRECT-ANSWERSHigh-pitch musical sounds
Stridor - CORRECT-ANSWERSHigh pitch noise on inspiration
A patient presents to his primary care physician with redness, swelling, heat,
and a throbbing pain in his big toe. As the nurse, what do you expect this
patient to be diagnosed with?
A. Gout
B. Rheumatoid Arthritis
C. Osteoarthritis
D. Broken Toe - CORRECT-ANSWERSGout (Patient 1)
Painful inflammatory arthritis
Excess uric acid and deposits of urate crystals in the joint space
Characterized by redness, swelling, heat, and extreme pain such as
continuous throbbing
Prevalent: Obesity, metabolic syndrome, hypertension, and hyperlipidemia
A patient presents to his primary care physician with swan-like fingers and
complains of morning stiffness in her joints. You observe bilateral swelling in
the patient's joints. As the nurse, what do you expect this patient to be
diagnosed with?
A. Gout
B. Rheumatoid Arthritis
C. Osteoarthritis
D. Broken Toe - CORRECT-ANSWERSRheumatoid Arthritis (Patient 2)
Swelling and morning stiffness in the joints (stiffness after periods of rest)
Symmetric
Joints have limited ROM
Chronic RA
Flexion contracture with curve like a swan's neck
Ulnar drift of the fingers
What are some things you would expect to find during a DVT assessment? -
CORRECT-ANSWERSInflammation, cyanosis, warmth, redness, tender to
palpation, or edema
, T/F The prostate should feel tough, fixed, and small - CORRECT-
ANSWERSFalse. The prostate should feel smooth, elastic, rubbery. If it does
feel enlarged or hard that can be indicative of cancer or something like BPH
When setting the stage and then managing the interview, which of the
following is it imperative to do?
- Take extensive notes during the interview so details are not missed
- Introduce yourself and your role, usually before the client undresses
- Warn the client that you cannot guarantee confidentiality - CORRECT-
ANSWERS- Introduce yourself and your role, usually before the client
undresses
Which one of the following actions would best promote accurate translations
and confidentiality for the patient when the caregiver does not speak the
patient's language?
- Ask a family member to translate
- Use a trained medical interpreter
- Ask a friend of the client to translate
- Ask the client's neighbor to translate - CORRECT-ANSWERSUse a trained
medical interpreter
Which type of question would be the most effective in obtaining a patient's
perceptions of his or her problem?
- Open-ended questions
- Leading questions
- Close-ended questions
- Accusing questions - CORRECT-ANSWERSOpen-ended questions
During which part of the interview would the nurse ask a patient questions
about a current illness?
- Termination phase
- Working phase
- Introductory phase
- Building phase - CORRECT-ANSWERS- Working phase
Establishing rapport with the patient by identifying feelings of the patient -
CORRECT-ANSWERSEmpathetic responses
Clarifying inconsistent information - CORRECT-ANSWERSConfortation
Echoing the patient's own words to encourage expression of facts and
feelings. - CORRECT-ANSWERSReflection
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