Software that helps business users interact with database systems. - ANSWER Database
Application
Responsible for securing the database system against unauthorized users. A database
administrator enforces procedures for user access and database system availability. - ANSWER
Database Administrator
Many database users should have limited access to specific tables, columns, or rows of a
database. Database systems authorize individual users to access specific data. - ANSWER
Authorization
Database systems ensure data is consistent with structural and business rules. - ANSWER
Rules
Interprets queries, creates a plan to modify the database or retrieve data, and returns query
results to the application. Performs query optimization to ensure the most efficient instructions
are executed on the data. - ANSWER Query Processor
, Translates the query processor instructions into low-level file-system commands that modify
or retrieve data. Database sizes range from megabytes to many terabytes, so the storage
manager uses indexes to quickly locate data. - ANSWER Storage Manager
Ensures transactions are properly executed. The transaction manager prevents conflicts
between concurrent transactions. The transaction manager also restores the database to a
consistent state in the event of a transaction or system failure. - ANSWER Transaction Manager
Data about the database, such as column names and the number of rows in each table. -
ANSWER Metadata
Stores data in tables, columns, and rows, similar to a spreadsheet. - ANSWER Relational
Database
All _________ ________ systems support the SQL query language. - ANSWER Relational
Database
Relational systems are ideal for databases that require an accurate record of every
transaction, such as banking, airline reservation systems, and student records. - ANSWER
Relational Database
The newer non-relational systems are called NoSQL, for 'not only SQL', and are optimized for
big data. - ANSWER MongoDB (NoSQL)
INSERT inserts rows into a table.
SELECT retrieves data from a table.
UPDATE modifies data in a table.
DELETE deletes rows from a table. - ANSWER SQL Statements
, A statement that creates a new table by specifying the table and column names. Each
column is assigned a data type that indicates the format of column values. Data types can be
numeric, textual, or complex. - ANSWER CREATE TABLE (Statement)
INT stores integer values.
DECIMAL stores fractional numeric values.
VARCHAR stores textual values.
DATE stores year, month, and day. - ANSWER Data Type
Analysis
Logical design
Physical design - ANSWER Database Design
This phase specifies database requirements without regard to a specific database system.
Requirements are represented as entities, relationships, and attributes. An entity is a person,
place, activity, or thing. A relationship is a link between entities, and an attribute is a descriptive
property of an entity. - ANSWER Analysis Phase, Conceptual Design, Entity-Relationship
Modeling (Database Design)
This phase implements database requirements in a specific database system. For relational
database systems, _________ design converts entities, relationships, and attributes into tables,
keys, and columns. - ANSWER Logical Design (Database Design)
Specifies indexes, table structures, and partitions. This phase adds indexes and specifies how
tables are organized on storage media. Affects query processing speed but never affects the
query result. - ANSWER Physical Design
Allows database designers to tune query performance without changes to application
programs. - ANSWER Data Independence
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