NURS 6700 FINAL EXAM QUESTIONS AND CORRECT
SOLUTIONS LATEST UPDATE
Involution
Return of the uterus to non-pregnant states
after 12 hours, approximately 1 cm above the umbilicus
drops 1-2 cm per 24 hours
returns to normal size and location approximately 4-6 weeks
help prevent hemorrhage
Subinvolution
failure of the uterus to return to non-pregnant state
risk for PPH
Lochia rubra
dark red blood
first 1-4 days postpartum
full of blood from placental site, tissue debris, vernix and possibly meconium
Lochia serosa
pinkish-brown
4-10 days postpartum
blood, wound exudate, RBCs, WBCs,
Lochia alba
whitish yellow
10-28 days postpartum, can last up to 3-6 weeks
WBCs and tissue debris
Hemorrhoids
,swollen veins in the aus
Tx: topical anesthetics, witch hazel
Lacerations
1st degree- laceration that extends through the skin and structures superficial to
muscles
2nd degree- laceration that extend through muscles of the perineum.
3rd- laceration that continues through the anal sphincter
4th laceration that also involves the anterior rectal wall .
Tx: stitches, heal in around 2-3 weeks
increased risk of infection
Episiotomy
surgical incision of the perineum to enlarge the vagina and so facilitate delivery during
childbirth
midline: associated with 3rd-4th tears
mediolateral: more painful
Hematomas: vaginal, vulvar, and retroperitoneal
Collection of blood in the connective tissue
pain is the most common symptom
retroperitoneal ones are rare but life-threatening
must be surgically evacuated
Comfort measures for lacerations, episiotomies, and hemorrhoids
Cleanse: wash perineum daily with mild soap and warm water
clean front to back from symphysis pubis to anus
Change pads with each void/BM
Ice: apply covered ice pack to perineum front to back
Squeeze bottle: warm water, pat dry after
Sitz bath: warm water that cover perineum
, Topicals
Return of menses:
Breastfeeding: can take up to 4-7 months
Non-breastfeeding: 6-10 weeks
Milk and Colostrum
Colostrum begins to fill in around 16 weeks gestation
Postpartum it is what the baby gets for first 1-3 days
Milk will come in after 72-96 hours
mature milk around 10 days
Breastfeeding rules
every 2-3 hours
8-12 times per day
minimum of 15 minutes (30-40 normally)
supply and demand, empty breast each feeding
breast milk storage
6 month frozen
2-4 ounce bags
room temp for 4 hours
never refreeze milk
fridge for 4 days
Mastitis
red, tender area one one or both breasts
painful to breastfeed
flu-like s/s: fever, chills, body aches
requires antibiotics to cure
continue breastfeeding
Engorgement:
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