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PHTLS EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS 2024/2025( A+ GRADED 100% VERIFIED).
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PHTLS EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS 2024/2025( A+ GRADED 100% VERIFIED).
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PHTLSHypovolemic shock types - ANS loss of fluid and electrolytes (Dehydration)
Loss of blood and fluid (hemorrhagic shock)
What is distributive shock - ANS vascular space larger than normal
distributive shock types - ANS neurogenic (hypotension)
psychogenic (syncope)
septic
Anaphylactic
Cardiogenic shock type - ANS pump failure
Hypovolemic shock action - ANS increased CO by increasing strength and rate of contraction
and vasoconstriction
Signs of decompensated hypovolemic shock - ANS decreased BP (now in compensated shock)
Class 1 hemorrhage - ANS loss of 15% blood volume in adult (750 mL)
HR greater than 100
BP normal
pulse pressure normal to increased
RR 14-20
CNS slightly anxious
Fluid replacement crystalloid
Class II hemorrhage - ANS blood loss of 750-1500 mL (15-30%)
HR 100-120
BP normal
Pulse pressure decreased
RR 20-30
CNS mildly anxious
Fluid Replacement crystalloid
Class III hemorrhage - ANS Blood loss of 1500-2000 (30-40%)
HR 120-140
BP decreased
Pulse pressure decreased
RR 30-40
CNS anxious, confused
, Fluid replacement crystalloid and blood
Class IV hemorrhage - ANS Blood loss >2000 (>40)
HR >140
BP decreased
Pulse pressure decreased
RR >35
CNS confused, lethargic
Fluid replacement crystalloid and blood
Distributive shock AKA - ANS vasogenic shock
Hypovolemic shock skin - ANS cold, clammy, pale or cyanotic skin, delayed cap refil
neurogenic shock skin - ANS warm, dry skin (especially below the area of injury
Hypovolemic shock Pulse - ANS weak, thready and rapid
neurogenic shock pulse - ANS bradycardia, may be weak
Hypovolemic shock LOCK - ANS decreased LOC, anxiety and often combative
neurogenic shock LOCK - ANS alert, oriented and luiced when in supine position
Psychogenic shock AKA - ANS Vasovagal shock
Psychogenic shock action - ANS stimulation of cranial nerve X (vagus nerve) producing
bradycardia, peripheral vasodilation and hypotension
Psychogenic shock length - ANS self limiting, not likely to go into true shock, body recovers
quickly
Septic shock causes - ANS infection, has characteristics of both distributive and hypovolemic
shock
Septic shock action - ANS preload is diminished due to vasodilation and fluid loss, hypotension
occurs when heart can no longer compensate
Septic shock S&S - ANS skin temp cool/clammy
skin color pale/mottled
BP drops
LOC Altered
Cap refil slowed
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