Biology 1100 Final Exam Study Guide with Questions and Correct Answers
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Course
ECU BIO 1100
Institution
ECU BIO 1100
Cell Theory All living organisms are made up of one or more cells All cells arise from pre-existing cells
Why Do Cells Need To Be Small? •Efficiency Things need to get in and out quickly! -This is more challenging in larger cells •Cells need a large surface area relative to a small volume -We ...
Biology 1100 Final Exam Study Guide
with Questions and Correct Answers
Cell Theory ✅All living organisms are made up of one or
more cells
All cells arise from pre-existing cells
Why Do Cells Need To Be Small? ✅•Efficiency
Things need to get in and out quickly!
-This is more challenging in larger cells
•Cells need a large surface area relative to
a small volume
-We call this a
large surface area to volume
ratio
Organelle ✅a membrane
-bound compartment
in a cell where a specialized function occurs
All Living Cells Have ✅1. Cell Membrane
2. Ribosomes
3. Cytoplasm
4. Genetic Material
4 Kingdoms of Eukaryotic Cells ✅Plants, animals, fungi, and protists
What molecules do cells need to carry out their function? ✅1. Carbohydrates
2. Proteins
3. Lipids
4. Nucleic Acids
Half Life ✅How long it takes half of an amount of isotope to stabilize
Ionic Bond ✅A chemical bond formed between two ions with opposite charges. Ionic
bonds form when one atom gives up one or more electrons to another atom.
Covalent Bond ✅a chemical bond that involves the sharing of electron pairs between
atoms.
Importance of Water ✅Cohesion
High Heat Capacity
Low Density in Solid Form
, Versatile Solvent
pH Scale ✅The amount of H+ in a solution
Four Major Groups of Organic Molecules ✅Carbohydrates
Lipids
Proteins
Nucleic Acids
Monomer ✅Glucose/Sugar
Polymer ✅Starch
Carbohydrates ✅C,H, and O
1g carb= 4 calories
Primary fuel for organisms
Simple Sugars ✅Also called Monosaccharides
Energy
Glucose and Fructose
Disaccharides ✅Two Simple sugars bonded together
EX: Sucrose and Maltose and Lactose
Artificial Sweeteners ✅No calories
Can't be utilized by the body
Polysaccharides ✅Component of many simple sugars bonded together
Starch ✅Made by plants
Animals ingest and break down
Glycogen ✅Made by animals
Animals break down
Cellulose (AKA Fiber) ✅Made by plants
Animals ingest but not broken down
Fiber ✅Fiber (cellulose) comes from plant products
Need 25-28 grams per day
Insoluble Fibers ✅Provides bulk
Good for your intestines
Found in Wheat Bran, Veggies, and Whole Grains
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