EXAM 3 BIOLOGY 1100 ECU VOYTEK QUESTIONS AND CORRECT ANSWERS
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Course
ECU BIO 1100
Institution
ECU BIO 1100
Mitosis the division of the genetic material in the nucleus
Cytokinesis the division of all the cytoplasmic organelles
Meiosis a variation of cell division that creates gametes
Chromosomes any of several threadlike bodies, consisting of chromatin, that carry the genes in a linear order
Chromati...
EXAM 3 BIOLOGY 1100 ECU VOYTEK
QUESTIONS AND CORRECT ANSWERS
Mitosis ✅the division of the genetic material in the nucleus
Cytokinesis ✅the division of all the cytoplasmic organelles
Meiosis ✅a variation of cell division that creates gametes
Chromosomes ✅any of several threadlike bodies, consisting of chromatin, that carry
the genes in a linear order
Chromatin ✅DNA plus Histone proteins
somatic cells ✅(non-reproductive) have 2 sets of chromosomes
Gametes ✅(reproductive cells) have 1 set of chromosomes
Chromatid ✅separate copied halves of a replicated chromosome
Kinetochore ✅the center of a chromosome
Mitotic (M) phase ✅includes mitosis and cytokinesis
Interphase ✅cell growth and copying of chromosomes in preparation for cell division
Consists of G1 phase, S phase, G2 phase
Only S phase are the chromosomes duplicated
Stages of Mitosis ✅prophase, prometaphase, metaphase, anaphase, telophase
Interphase ✅After chromosomes replicate
Each chromosome is composed of two sister chromatids
Prophase ✅chromosomes condense
Spindle fibers begin to form
Pro-metaphase ✅Nuclear envelope breaks down
Microtubules contact kinetochores
Metaphase ✅Chromosomes complete migration to the middle of the cell and line up on
the metaphase plate
, Anaphase ✅Sister chromatids separate into daughter chromosomes and are pulled
apart
Watson and Crick ✅developed the first physical/structural interpretation of DNA
Wilkins and Franklin ✅used X-ray crystallography to study molecular structure
DNA ✅composed of deoxyribose sugar, typically double stranded
Pyrimidines ✅Cytosine and Thymine
Purines ✅Adenine and Guanine
origins of replication ✅replication begins at sites called__________ where the two
DNA strands are separated, opening up a replication bubble
Replication Fork ✅Y-shaped region where the parental strands of DNA are being
unwound
Helicases ✅enzymes that untwist the double helix at the replication forks
Single-strand binding proteins ✅bind to and stabilize single-strand DNA
Topoisomerase ✅relieves the strain caused by tight twisting ahead of the replication
fork by breaking, swiveling, and rejoining DNA strands
DNA polymerase ✅catalyze the elongation of new DNA at a replication fork
particulate hypothesis ✅the idea that parents pass on discrete heritable units (genes)
P generation ✅true-breeding parents
F1 generation ✅hybrid offspring of the P generation
F2 generation ✅offspring of the F1 generation
Alleles ✅alternative versions of a gene
locus ✅region on a chromosome that represents individual genes
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