PEDS GI/GU/Endo Exam Questions and 100% Correct Answers
0 view 0 purchase
Course
GU Peds
Institution
GU Peds
What is the facial malformation (unilateral or bilateral) that develops in the embryonic period when the *maxillary & the median nasal process fail to fuse properly*? *cleft lip/palate* (started in the *6th week* of gestation & is completed around the *12th week* ---> so usually when a woman fin...
PEDS GI/GU/Endo Exam Questions and
100% Correct Answers
What is the facial malformation (unilateral or bilateral) that develops in the embryonic
period when the *maxillary & the median nasal process fail to fuse properly*? ✅*cleft
lip/palate* (started in the *6th week* of gestation & is completed around the *12th week*
---> so usually when a woman finds out she is pregnant, this has already started to
develop)
*could have both cleft lip & palate*
What does the lack of closure of the lips & the palate (cleft lip/palate) affect? ✅-speech
(language)
-swallowing
-hearing
-teeth development (dentation)
A child with cleft lip/palate is at a high risk for recurrent ____________
_______________? ✅otitis media
It is important to encourage women of child bearing age (14-44 yo) to increase the
intake of ____________ in their diet *before pregnancy *to decrease the risk of neural
tube defects. ✅*folate* (400 mcg/day) (increase amt more if previous child had NTD)
*reduces risk for cleft lip/palate by 50%-60%
With a cleft *lip* a scar revision is performed at what age? What age for a cleft *palate*?
✅*lip*: 3-6months
*palate*: 6 months - 1 yr
(less than 1 yr is preferred to prevent complications & *facilitate normal G&D*)
What is the purpose of using special feeding *devices* when feeding a baby with cleft
lip/palate? ✅-they close off the palate & allow the nipple to go further back into the
mouth, *reducing the risk of aspiration*
-they *maintain a seal* for effective sucking/feeding
-orthopedic devices are available to expand/realign the mouth
What are the feeding *techniques* involved in caring for a child with a cleft lip/palate?
✅-ensure baby gets adequate *rest periods* (tire easily b/c they work harder to feed)
-*spoon feeding* (pouring it into mouth from the spoon, not putting spoon into mouth)
-ensure baby is in an *upright position*
,-frequent *burping* (they swallow a lot of air)
What is the number one concern with an infant that is having trouble feeding (as with
cleft lip/palate)? ✅*aspiration* (before or after repair)
so assess *lungs/breath sounds* before AND after feedings
What is the *post-op* care associated with the repair of a cleft lip/palate? ✅-assess
lung/breath sounds (before/after feedings)
-special soft nipple or special syringe w/ soft tubing for feeding *first week*
-*palate repair*: 1-2 weeks of *full liquids* and then the 3rd week can have soft foods
(wait to introduce solids)
-*no bottles or pacifiers*
-enure child is lying on back or sitting up
-may have to use *elbow restraints* to avoid pulling at sutures
-*minimize crying* & control pain (prevents stress on sutures)
-*rinse sutures w/ water after feedings*
*ensure child is getting enough calories & not aspirating = main concerns*
What is the congenital anomaly that happens about the *4-5th week of gestation* in
which the *esophagus ends in a pocket* instead of in the stomach, and/or a *fistula*
develops between the esophagus & the trachea? ✅esophageal atresia w/
tracheoesphageal fistula (EA w/ TEF)
*considered an emergency*
(food can't go into stomach, instead it goes through the fistula into the trachea --> lungs)
What are the three signs that could indicate a child has *TEF*? ✅-choking
-coughing
-cyanosis
(noticed when feeding)
*KEEP NPO UNTIL STABLE ---> then surgery immediately!!!!*
*Polyhydramnios* during pregnancy may cause the nurse to suspect the baby/child to
have which GI disorder? ✅TEF
-also more common in children w/ down syndrome
What is involved with the pre-op/periop care of a child undergoing surgical correction of
TEF? ✅-monitor *resp. status* (primary concern)
-maintain *thermoregulation*
-keep *HOB elevated 30*-45* *
, -have suction catheter available for excessive salivation
-monitor VS
-monitor fluid balance
*lung sound assessment is vital for ruling out aspiration*
What is the *post-op* care involved with a child who has undergone surgery to repair
EA w/ TEF? ✅-child will have chest tube (chest tube care)
-NG tube present
-pain management (*paci - esp. dipped in sucrose* can provide *pain relief*)
-promote bonding
-give opportunity to suck to avoid losing the reflex (paci)
-ensure BF moms are continuing to pump/store milk
True or false:
A pacifier can be used as a method of *pain relief* in a child post-operatively because it
releases endorphins (especially if dipped in sucrose) ✅true (also child is NPO so it's
important to give an *opportunity to suck* to avoid losing the reflex)
What is *encopresis*? ✅fecal soiling/incontinence
-*primary*: child never had control when they were expected to
-*secondary*: child had control for at least several months but are now having
incontinence - *usually transitory* (can be RT GI disorders, diet, medications,
psychosocial factors, busy playing etc.)
What is the treatment/management involved with encopresis? ✅main focus is to
*identify & treat the cause*
-both primary & secondary may require a *bowel training program*
What is the most common cause of dehydration in children? ✅diarrhea (leading cause
of death in 3rd world countries --> 1.5 mil deaths worldwide)
What are the most frequent causes of infectious gastroenteritis in the US? ✅-ingestion
of contaminated food/water
-person-person contamination (*high risks:* children in daycare/preschool, pts long-term
care facilities, & immunocompromised)
*most diarrheas spread by fecal-oral route*
What is the most common cause of infectious gastroenteritis seen in children in
*daycare* settings? ✅*giardia*
The benefits of buying summaries with Stuvia:
Guaranteed quality through customer reviews
Stuvia customers have reviewed more than 700,000 summaries. This how you know that you are buying the best documents.
Quick and easy check-out
You can quickly pay through credit card or Stuvia-credit for the summaries. There is no membership needed.
Focus on what matters
Your fellow students write the study notes themselves, which is why the documents are always reliable and up-to-date. This ensures you quickly get to the core!
Frequently asked questions
What do I get when I buy this document?
You get a PDF, available immediately after your purchase. The purchased document is accessible anytime, anywhere and indefinitely through your profile.
Satisfaction guarantee: how does it work?
Our satisfaction guarantee ensures that you always find a study document that suits you well. You fill out a form, and our customer service team takes care of the rest.
Who am I buying these notes from?
Stuvia is a marketplace, so you are not buying this document from us, but from seller twishfrancis. Stuvia facilitates payment to the seller.
Will I be stuck with a subscription?
No, you only buy these notes for $10.99. You're not tied to anything after your purchase.
