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NURB 3150- Antihypertensives (CHP 26) Study Set Exam $10.99   Add to cart

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NURB 3150- Antihypertensives (CHP 26) Study Set Exam

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NURB 3150- Antihypertensives (CHP 26) Study Set Exam ...

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  • September 23, 2024
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  • 2024/2025
  • Exam (elaborations)
  • Questions & answers
  • bp regulation
  • NURB 3150
  • NURB 3150
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NURB 3150- Antihypertensives
(CHP 26) Study Set Exam

BP Regulation - Answer Arterial BP:

- force exerted on arterial walls by blood flow

Response to Hypotension:

- SNS is stimulated (increase HR, BP, force of contraction, vasconstriction and renin
release)

- Adrenal Medulla secretes epi & non-epi (increases BP/HR)

- Kidney's retain fluid (causes increase in volume thus increasing BP)

Response to HTN:

- increase renal secretion

- fluid loss decreases circulating volume which

- decreases CO, which

- decreases arterial BP, which

- decreases BP

Two Main Determinants of BP - Answer CO:

- HR x SV (amount of blood ejected per heart beat)

- systolic BP (how much blood is pumped to body & lungs)

Peripheral Vascular Resistance:

- diastolic BP (how much resistance heart meets when pumping)

Renin-angiotensin-adolsterone-system (RAAS) - Answer Renin:

- stimulates angio I & II (both vascoconstrict which is bad for HTN)

Angiotensin I:

- vasoconstriction and release of aldosterone

Angiotensin II:

, - more potent vasoconstrictor

Aldosterone:

- Na & H20 retention, also K regulation

*when people are in renal failure its because aldosterone is failing, which leaves
concern for K levels*

Beta Sites - Answer Beta 1:

- heart (selective)

- increases P, contractility (makes heart beat more forcefully, vasoconstriction

Beta 2:

- heart, lungs & periphery (non selective)

- dilate bronchioles (when we block beta 2's can cause bronchoconstriction)

Think 1 heart (beta 1) and two lungs (beta 2)!

HTN - Answer Profoundly alters cardiovascular function, increasing cardiac workload,
causing myocardium hypertrophy and eventually HF.

Initially may produce no s/s, s/s reflect target organ damage, think heart/brain/kidney
and eyes.

BP is about circulating volume, therefore dehydration causes decreased BP therefore
can cause orthostatic hypotension. Anyone on an antihypertensive is a fall risk.

Hypertensive Emergencies - Answer Episodes of severe elevated BP caused by:

- extension of malignant HTN, cerebral hemorrhage, dissecting aortic aneursym, renal
dz, etc.

- can cause strokes

S/S:

- sever HA, N/V, visual disturbances (can cause blurred vision or temporary blindness),
neurological disturbances, disorientation, decreased LOC

Antihypertensive Meds - Answer ACE Inhibs

Angiotensin II Receptor Blockers (ARBs)

Antiadrenergics

Ca Channel Blockers

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