SMCC Nursing 175 Exam 1 Questions And
Answers 100% Verified.
Name 5 common reasons for using Infusion therapy? - correct answer. 1. Maintain
fluid balance / correct imbalance
2. Maintain Electrolyte balance / correct imbalance
3. Administer Medications
4. Administer Blood Products
5. Nutrition
Name 4 priority concepts associated with Infusion Therapy - correct answer. Fluid
Electrolyte balance
Tissue Integrity
Infection
Perfusion
What healthcare settings deliver infusion therapy? - correct answer. Hospitals, clinics,
Drs. Offices, Homecare, Dialysis Centers, Long Term care facilities
IV drugs provide rapid therapeutic effects but can lead to immediate serious reactions
known as: - correct answer. ADE. Adverse Drug Events
What does the term VAD mean? - correct answer. Vascular Access Device
What are the two categories of VAD? - correct answer. PVAD (peripheral vascular)
and CVAD (central venous)
What are the different kinds of common Peripheral Vascular Access (PVA)devices? -
correct answer. 1. Short, over the needle catheter (most common - 72-96 hours max -
hand or forearm)
2. Midline catheter (longer-term IV therapy - veining upper arm, 1-4 wks, no blood draws
- no vesicant drugs)
3. Winged infusion catheter (generally for children)
What are the different kinds of common Central Venous Access (CVA) Catheter types?
- correct answer. 1. Non-tunneled Percutaneous CVC ( subclavian vein in upper chest
or jugular, short term, requires x-ray to confirm placement, used in emergency settings)
2. Peripherally inserted central catheter (PICC) (x- ray determines placement, Can be
used longer term, and for contrast injections, CVP monitoring.
3. Tunneled CVC (lies in subcutaneous tunnel, used for long term infusion therapy, cuff
of antibiotics to reduce infection)
4. Implanted port (surgically implanted in upper chest, long term, flushed after each use)
,What types of patients veins can NOT be used for Infusion Therapy? - correct answer.
Mastectomy
Axillary lymph node dissection
Lymphedema
Paralysis of upper extremities
Dialysis graft or fistulas
What does ISOTONIC mean? - correct answer. Has the same Solute concentration as
that of blood plasma
List common Isotonic (270-300mOsm/L) solutions? - correct answer. Normal Saline
(NS/0.9% NS)
Lactated Ringers (LR)
Dextrose 5% in water (D5W) - (becomes hypotonic as dextrose is taken up by cells)
(ISOTONIC= Same osmolarity as body fluid)
List common Hypertonic solutions? - correct answer. Parenteral nutrition (TPN)
3%NS
5%NS
Dextrose 10% in water (D10W)
Dextrose 5% in 0.45% Normal Saline (D5 0.45% NS)
Dextrose 5% in 0.9% Normal Saline (D5 0.9%NS)
Dextrose 5% in Lactated Ringers (D5LR)(HYPERTONIC= Higher osmolarity than body
fluid)
List common Types of Hypotonic Solutions? - correct answer. 0.45% Saline (1/2 NS)
D5W (starts Isotonic -becomes hypotonic as dextrose is taken up by cells
(HYPOTONIC =Lower osmolarity than body fluid)
What does Hypertonic mean? - correct answer. Hypertonic: (fluids > 300 mOsm/L)
having a greater concentration of solute than another solution. Water moves across a
semipermeable membrane into a hypertonic solution.
Why are isotonic solutions contraindicated in patients with Congestive Heart Failure,
HTN, Cardiac Disease and the Elderly? - correct answer. There is a greater risk of
fluid overload because water does not move into or out of the body's cells with isotonic
solutions.
What does Hypotonic mean? - correct answer. Hypotonic: (fluids < 270 mOsm/L)
having less concentration of solute than another solution. Water moves across a
semipermeable membrane out of a hypertonic solution into the other solution.
Name the 6 types of blood and/or blood components available for infusion therapy. -
correct answer. 1. Whole blood
2. Packed red blood cells
Name the 6 rights of Infusion Therapy - correct answer. 1. Right patient
2. Right solution
3. Right rate
4. Right route (PVAD, CVAD)
5. Right time
6. Right documentation (site, solution, rate and pt. tolerance)
What does CR-BSI mean? - correct answer. Catheter-Related Bloodstream Infection
What does CATS PRRR mean? - correct answer. C=compatibilities
A= allergies
T= tubing correct
S=site checked
P=pump safety checked
R=right rate
R=release champs
R= return and reassess the patient
Describe the "phlebitis scale" from 0-4: - correct answer. 0- no symptoms
1 - Redness at access site with or without pain
2- Pain at the access site with erythema and/or edema
3- Streak formation and palpable venous cord
4 -Palpable venous cord > 1 inc and purulent drainage
What does Interstitial mean? - correct answer. Area between cells
Define the word plasma? - correct answer. Fluid portion of the blood
Define Diffusion - correct answer. The movement of molecules from an area of higher
concentration to an area of lower concentration.
What are the signs of Hyperglycemia? - correct answer. Increased thirst.
nausea
Headaches.
Trouble concentrating.
Blurred vision.
Frequent peeing.
Fatigue (weak, tired feeling)
DEPRESSED
Weight loss.
Blood sugar more than 180 mg/dL
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