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JIBC Emergency Medical Responder with Complete Solutions
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JIBC Emergency Medical Responder with Complete Solutions
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JIBC Emergency Medical Responder withComplete Solutions
of points of contact to maintain optimum safety in back of ambulance - ANSWER-3
Abandonment and negligence - ANSWER-Abandonment: Stopped providing care
Negligence: Care deviates from standard of care
Acute Pulmonary Edema: Signs, symptoms, treatment - ANSWER-Signs and
symptoms:
- Rapid, laboured breathing
- Cyanosis
- Anxiety
- Frothy, pink, blood-tinged sputum
- Jugular vein distension
- Rapid pulse
- Cool, clammy skin
- Exhaustion
- Swelling @ feet/arms
Treatment:
- 15 lpm O2 w/ non-rebreather mask
- Position sitting w/ legs dangling
- Rapid transport
Adult CPR: Hand position, compression depth, cycle - ANSWER-Hand position: Two
hands on lower half of sternum
Compression depth: 2 inches or 5 cm
Cycle: 30:2
Advanced care plan - ANSWER-Outlines what tx a pt wants, signed by the pt
Anaphylaxis: Signs, symptoms, treatment - ANSWER-Signs and symptoms:
- Resp distress
- Tightness in chest/throat
- Wheezing
- Hypotension (presence of carotid but no radial)
- Tachycardia
- Swelling
- Redness/hives/itches
- Nausea/vomiting
- Dizziness
- Syncope
,Treatment:
- 15 lpm O2 w/ non-rebreather mask
- Assist w/ Epi-Pen
- Position of comfort unless hypotensive (semi-fowlers)
- Rapid transport
Anatomical position - ANSWER-
Anatomy and function of the circulatory system - ANSWER-- Heart, blood vessels,
blood
- Oxygen and nutrient delivery, removal of waste products
Anatomy and function of the digestive system - ANSWER-- Alimentary tract, stomach,
intestines
- Ingest and digest food and remove waste
Anatomy and function of the endocrine system - ANSWER-- Endocrine glands
- Regulate body through hormone secretion
Anatomy and function of the integumentary system - ANSWER-- Skin
- Protection, prevent dehydration, temp regulation, receptor
Anatomy and function of the musculoskeletal system - ANSWER-- Skeleton and
muscles
- Shape, protection, movement
Anatomy and function of the nervous system - ANSWER-- Brain, spinal cord, nerves
- Communication and control
- Central nervous system: Brain and spinal cord
- Peripheral nervous system: Nerves (carry info back and forth)
- Autonomic nervous system: Controls involuntary components
Anatomy and function of the respiratory system - ANSWER-- Lungs, nose
- Oxygen delivery, carbon dioxide removal
Anatomy and function of the urinary system - ANSWER-- Kidneys, bladder, urethra
- Filter blood and excrete waste
Angina and myocardial infarction: Signs, symptoms, treatment - ANSWER-Signs and
symptoms:
- Chest pain/discomfort (heaviness/squeezing)
- SOB
- Increased/irregular HR
- Indigestion, nausea, vomiting
- Sweating
- Pale, grey, cyanosis
,- Feel of impending doom
- Anxiety/irritability
Treatment:
- SPO2 monitor and O2 = target 95%
- ASA (can give in primary Ax without any vitals)
- Nitroglycerin
- Entonox
- Position of comfort on stretcher
- Rapid transport
Anterior vs. posterior - ANSWER-Anterior: Towards the front
Posterior: Towards the back
Applying a tourniquet - ANSWER-1. Use bandage 10 cm wide, 6-8 layers deep
2. Wrap around extremity twice at a point above but close to the wound
3. Tie a knot in the bandage, then place a stick/rod on top. Tie the ends of the bandage
in a square knot over the stick.
4. Twist the stick until the bleeding stops, secure the stick or rod in position.
5. Note the time.
Artificial ventilation rates (adult, child, newborn) - ANSWER-Adult: 10-12 breaths per
minute, 1 breath every 5-6 sec
Child: 12-20 breaths per minute, 1 breath every 3-5 sec
Newborn: 40-60 breaths per minute, 1 breath every sec
Assessments and vitals for pediatric patients - ANSWER-LOC
- Ask the caregiver how the child presents compared to their baseline
Pulse
- Infant = brachial pulse
- Child = radial pulse
- Unconscious infant/child = cartoid or femoral pulse
- Provide O2 as soon as a slow pulse is detected and use an OPA
Respiration
- Monitor resps for a full minute or place hand on abdomen
Blood pressure
- Use the correct cuff/stethoscope
- Do not take BP in children under 3
Temp
- Feel arms and legs of infants
Skin
, - Check for delayed cap refill (<2 s)
- Children should not be bluish
Fontanelle (infants)
- Bulge = pressure inside skull
- Depression = dehydration/shock
Asthma: Signs, symptoms, treatment - ANSWER-Signs and symptoms:
- SOB
- Tripod position
- Wheezing on expiration
- Episodic w/ trigger events
Treatment:
- 15 lpm O2 w/ non-rebreather mask
- High fowlers
- Rapid transport
- Assist w/ pt's MDI (bronchodilators or corticosteroids - salbutamol/Ventolin, ipratropium
bromide (Atrovent), fluticosone (Flovent))
Basic heart anatomy and function - ANSWER-- Divided into four chambers
- Upper = atria
- Lower = ventricles
- Right side: Receives deoxygenated blood from the body and pumps to lungs
- Left side: Receives oxygenated blood from lungs and pumps to body via arteries
- Arteries: Take blood away from heart
- Veins: Bring blood back to heart
Basic purposes of dressing and bandaging - ANSWER-- Control bleeding
- Prevent further contamination and damage to wound
- Keep wound dry
- Immobilize wound site
- Enhance healing
Body parts and critical burns - ANSWER-- Face = compromise breathing or cause injury
to the eyes
- Hands or feet = loss of function
- Genital area = loss/impairment of genitourinary function
- Encircle a body part (joint, arm, leg) = blood vessel and nerve damage
- Chest = limit ability to expand, inadequate breathing
Brand vs. generic name of medications - ANSWER-Brand: Proprietary name given by
manufacturer, most familiar to consumers (capitalized)
Generic: Non-proprietary name (lowercase)
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