HUMAN PHYSIOLOGY CASE STUDIES WITH ANSWERS / ALREADY GRADED A+;/ BEST FOR REVISION
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Course
Physiology
Institution
Physiology
When we begin to dehydrate, we usually become thirsty, which causes us to drink fluids. On the basis of
what you now know about control systems, decide whether the thirst sensation is part of a negative or
positive feedback control system and defend our choice. - ANSWER - thirst is part of a po...
HUMAN PHYSIOLOGY CASE STUDIES WITH
ANSWERS / ALREADY GRADED A+;/ BEST FOR
REVISION
When we begin to dehydrate, we usually become thirsty, which causes us to drink fluids. On the basis of
what you now know about control systems, decide whether the thirst sensation is part of a negative or
positive feedback control system and defend our choice. - ANSWER - thirst is part of a positive feedback
control system because it prods us to drink, which ends the thirst stimulus and returns body fluid volume
to normal range
Mr. Petros is behaving abnormally, and doctors strongly suspect he has a brain tumor. Which medical
imaging device - conventional X ray, DSA, PET, ultrasound, or MRI - would be best for precisely location a
tumor within the brain? Explain your choice. - ANSWER -MRT, also known as MRI, because it is the only
one of these choices that is able to visualize both anatomical and physiological processes for health and
disease
Mrs. Roberts, who is in a diabetic coma, has just been admitted to Noble Hospital. Her blood pH
indicates that she is in severe acidosis, and measures are quickly taken to bring her blood pH back within
normal limits. Note the normal pH of blood, and discuss why severe acidosis is a problem - ANSWER pH
is defined as the measurement of the hydrogen ion concentration in a solution. The normal blood pH is
7.4.
b. Severe acidosis is critical because it can adversely affect cell membranes, the function of the kidneys,
muscle contraction, and neural activity.
Evelyn is quite proud of her slender, model-like figure and boasts that she doesn't have an "ounce of
excess body fat." Barbara, on the other hand, is grossly overweight. She complains of feeling hot most of
the time, and on a hot day she is miserable. Evelyn generally feels chilled except on very hot days.
Explain the relative sensitivity to environmental temperature of these two women on the basis of
information you have been given in the Organic Compounds section of this chapter - ANSWER -Evelyn
has less of a hypodermic layer than Barbara meaning she has less insulating tissue that produces heat
surrounding her body
, Hydrocortisone is an anti-inflammatory drug that stabilizes lysosomal membranes. Explain how this
effect reduces cell damage and inflammation - ANSWER a. inhibits proper formation of microtubules
used in pushing centrioles toward opposite poles of the cell and therefore disrupts mitosis from
completing and kills the cell
b. stops protein synthesis and inability to replace enzymes
John has severely injured his knee during football practice. He is told that he has torn knee cartilage and
to expect that the recovery and repair will take a long time. Why will it take a long time - ANSWER -
cartilage receives little blood flow and therefore does not receive a lot of nutrients quickly for a speedy
recovery
A nurse tells a doctor that a patient is cyanotic. Eat is cyanosis? What does its presence indicate? -
ANSWER - his skin has taken on a blue tone
- cyanosis indicates a lack of enough 02 reaching the tissue cells in the body
Both newborn and aged individuals have very little subcutaneous tissue. How does this effect their
sensitivity to cold environment temperature? - ANSWER -they are much more sensitive because they do
not have the insulating layer of fat that produces heat
A 40 year old beach boy is complaining to you that his suntan made him popular in his youth but now his
face is wrinkled and he has dark pigmented moles are growing rapidly and are as big as coins. He shows
you and you think "ABCD". What does this mean and why should he be concerned? - ANSWER -ABCD
stands for Asymmetry (both sides of the mole look different in shape), Borders (the mole does not have
smooth borders but rather ridges and bumps), Color (the mole is a variety of tones ranging from blue to
black to brown and occasionally green), and Diameter (the mole has a diameter larger than 5 mm (pencil
eraser))
- it is a test that helps indicate if a person may have malignant melanoma (skin cancer)
A 75-year-old woman and her 9-year-old granddaughter were in a train crash in which both sustained
trauma to the chest while seated next to each other. X rays showed that the grandmother had several
fractured ribs, while her granddaughter had none. Explain these surprisingly (?) different findings -
ANSWER - the grandmother has more brittle bones than her granddaughter (a condition often seen in
the elderly)
- she may also potentially have osteoporosis- lessening of bone density which causes brittle bones)
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