Tentamen (uitwerkingen)
Pediatric Nursing-Gastrointestinal Exam Questions And 100% Correct Answers
- Vak
- Instelling
Pediatric Nursing-Gastrointestinal Exam Questions And 100% Correct Answers...
[Meer zien]Voorbeeld 3 van de 16 pagina's
Voorbeeld 3 van de 16 pagina's
In winkelwagen
Voorbeeld van de inhoud
Pediatric Nursing-Gastrointestinal Exam Questions And100% Correct Answers
Dehydration-Etiologies - Answer Due to insensible water losses, excessive renal
excretion, GI tract losses, lack of oral intake, DKA, burns
Most common causes are from vomiting and diarrhea
Why are young children especially prone to dehydration? - Answer Infants and young
children are especially prone to dehydration because of larger extracellular fluid
compartment
ECF compartment is > ½ total body water at birth and remains larger until age 2
Children more likely to have ↑ fevers than adults-more susceptible to insensible water
losses
BSA higher in infants
BMR is higher in infants
Fluid requirements are higher in infants and young childre
What is isotonic dehydration? - Answer Electrolyte and water deficits are relatively
equal
*Most common type of dehydration
Major fluid loss comes from ECF
Creates hypovolemic state → shock
What is hypotonic dehydration? - Answer Occurs when electrolyte loss > water loss
Water shifts from ECF → ICF to try to equilibrate → worsens ECF volume loss → shock
Child becomes hypoosmotic and hyponatremic
What is hypertonic dehydration? -Answer Water loss > electrolyte loss
,Fluid shifts from ICF → ECF; most dangerous form of dehydration
Caused by increased solute load on kidneys
Child becomes hyperosmotic and hypernatremic
Dehydration-Diagnosis -Answer Diagnosed as mild, moderate or severe
Defined by weight loss
Dx: Weight loss, capillary refill > 2 seconds, absence of tears, dry mucous membranes,
poor skin turgor, level of consciousness, vital signs, USG all help determine degree of
dehydration
Dehydration-Treatment - Answer Oral rehydration can be attempted in mild to moderate
dehydration (Pedialyte, Infalyte) in child who is not vomiting
More severe dehydration needs replacement with IV fluids; bolus (ie, 20ml/kg NS infused
quickly), followed by replacement fluids over 24 hours
Dehydration-Nursing Considerations - Answer I&O (oral & parenteral intake, ouput from
urine, stool, vomiting, NG tube, sweat, wound drainage)
Ongoing assessment of hydration status (vital signs, skin assessment, mucous
membranes, weight, assessment of fontanel/eyes, thirst)
Diarrhea-What is involved? - Answer stomach and intestine (gastroenteritis)
small intestine (enteritis)
colon (colitis)
colon and small intestine (enterocolitis)
What is the difference between acute and chronic diarrhea? - Answer Acute (< 14 days)
Chronic (> 14 days)
, What Causes Diarrhea? - Answer Viral - rotavirus (most common), Norwalk
Bacterial - e. coli, salmonella, shigella, campylobacter, c. difficile (complication of
antibiotic use)
Parasitic - giardia, cryptosporidium
Antibiotics
Diarrhea-Pathophysiology - Answer Invasion of GI tract from pathogen
Cause production of enterotoxins
They secrete water and electrolytes
Invasion and destruction of intestinal epithelial cells
Local inflammation and systemic invasion by pathogen
Diarrhea-Treatment - Answer Treatment includes restoration of adequate
hydration/electrolyte balance
Reintroduce Diet- (Regular diet)
Antimicrobials may be given when diarrhea is bacterial or parasitic in nature
Diarrhea-Education for Parents - Answer Diligent handwashing
Perianal hygiene
Disposal of soiled diaper
What is Constipation? - Answer An alteration in frequency, consistency, or ease of
passage of stool
Hard, dry, pebbly stool which are painful to pass; often blood-streaked
Retention of stool with or without soiling
Can be secondary to structural disorder, systemic disorder, medications (antacids,
antihistamines, opioids), or functional (idiopathic)
Obstipation- Answer Very long periods between passage of stools
Voordelen van het kopen van samenvattingen bij Stuvia op een rij:
√ Verzekerd van kwaliteit door reviews
Stuvia-klanten hebben meer dan 700.000 samenvattingen beoordeeld. Zo weet je zeker dat je de beste documenten koopt!
Snel en makkelijk kopen
Je betaalt supersnel en eenmalig met iDeal, Bancontact of creditcard voor de samenvatting. Zonder lidmaatschap.
Focus op de essentie
Samenvattingen worden geschreven voor en door anderen. Daarom zijn de samenvattingen altijd betrouwbaar en actueel. Zo kom je snel tot de kern!
Veelgestelde vragen
Wat krijg ik als ik dit document koop?
Je krijgt een PDF, die direct beschikbaar is na je aankoop. Het gekochte document is altijd, overal en oneindig toegankelijk via je profiel.
Tevredenheidsgarantie: hoe werkt dat?
Onze tevredenheidsgarantie zorgt ervoor dat je altijd een studiedocument vindt dat goed bij je past. Je vult een formulier in en onze klantenservice regelt de rest.
Van wie koop ik deze samenvatting?
Stuvia is een marktplaats, je koop dit document dus niet van ons, maar van verkoper Easton. Stuvia faciliteert de betaling aan de verkoper.
Zit ik meteen vast aan een abonnement?
Nee, je koopt alleen deze samenvatting voor $11.99. Je zit daarna nergens aan vast.
Is Stuvia te vertrouwen?
4,6 sterren op Google & Trustpilot (+1000 reviews)
Afgelopen 30 dagen zijn er 80364 samenvattingen verkocht
Opgericht in 2010, al 14 jaar dé plek om samenvattingen te kopen
