Biochemistry 1430 chapter 8 || With Latest Solutions
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Course
Biochem
Institution
Biochem
enzyme concentration - Correct Answer the more enzyme present, the faster substrate reacts
pH - Correct Answer enzymes have optimum pHs above and below which the rate decreases
Pepsin is - Correct Answer a proteolytic enzyme found in the Stomach
Chymotrypsin is a - Correct Answer p...
Biochemistry 1430 chapter 8 || With Latest
Solutions
enzyme concentration - Correct Answer the more enzyme present, the faster substrate
reacts
pH - Correct Answer enzymes have optimum pHs above and below which the rate
decreases
Pepsin is - Correct Answer a proteolytic enzyme found in the Stomach
Chymotrypsin is a - Correct Answer proteolytic enzyme found in the intestine
Temperature - Correct Answer enzymes have an optimum temperature, above which
they begin to denature
An enzyme, tyrosinase, is key in the production of melanin (the molecule that produces
the black color in the fur). - Correct Answer Tyrosinase in Siamese cats is mutated and
this mutated enzyme is more temperature-sensitive than the tyrosinase in other animals
so the enzyme is less active at higher temperatures. Therefore, the cat's extremities are
darker, as these body parts tend to be slightly cooler. This molecular mechanism
suggests that Siamese cats living in cooler regions should have a darker pattern than
those living in warmer areas. In fact, this is true.
Enzyme activity can also be affected by inhibitors - Correct Answer and those
inhibitors are incredibly important therapeutically
Three ways to inhibit an enzyme - Correct Answer Competitive
Uncompetitive
Non-competitive
Each inhibits enzyme function in a mechanistically different way and each has unique
effects on Vmax and/or Km
COMPETITIVE INHIBITION - Correct Answer The inhibitor competes for the binding
(active) site and reduces the number of sites available for binding substrate. Can be
overcome by increasing the concentration of substrate [S].
Sulfonamide drugs - Correct Answer are structurally similar to para-aminobenzoic acid
(PABA), and their antibacterial activity is due to their ability to interfere with the
conversion of PABA to folate (remember the section on vitamins) by inhibiting the
enzyme dihydropteroate synthetase. Thus, bacterial growth is limited through folate
deficiency without effect on human cells which do not contain this enzyme and obtain
folate through other sources.
Note that with a competitive inhibitor - Correct Answer the Vmax does not change.
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